1
00:00:00,207 --> 00:00:02,957
(dramatic music)

2
00:00:07,700 --> 00:00:12,700
- Unless we go to Circular
it's game over for the planet.

3
00:00:14,870 --> 00:00:16,653
It's game over for society.

4
00:00:18,310 --> 00:00:20,310
- We don't have a choice but to do this.

5
00:00:21,500 --> 00:00:23,413
This is imperative for our survival.

6
00:00:25,000 --> 00:00:28,080
- So if we really don't
change our mindset,

7
00:00:28,080 --> 00:00:30,830
I think it will be the end of the world.

8
00:00:30,830 --> 00:00:32,700
- We're moving from a world
of seven billion people

9
00:00:32,700 --> 00:00:33,910
on the planet to nine billion.

10
00:00:33,910 --> 00:00:37,160
- The way we're existing
right now on planet Earth,

11
00:00:37,160 --> 00:00:39,220
this biosphere is really being driven

12
00:00:39,220 --> 00:00:41,210
by humans who are parasites.

13
00:00:41,210 --> 00:00:44,020
- If you look at how much
plastic pollution is accumulating

14
00:00:44,020 --> 00:00:45,800
in the ocean, that plastic is starting

15
00:00:45,800 --> 00:00:48,820
to accumulate in the fish that people eat.

16
00:00:48,820 --> 00:00:50,830
- There's not a lot of stuff left

17
00:00:50,830 --> 00:00:51,990
and the stuff that we've got,

18
00:00:51,990 --> 00:00:54,064
we've got to protect,
and we've got to care for

19
00:00:54,064 --> 00:00:55,740
and we've got to use efficiently.

20
00:00:55,740 --> 00:00:57,413
It's not utopia, it's necessity.

21
00:00:58,530 --> 00:01:01,770
- I am frightened that my
generation will be the first

22
00:01:01,770 --> 00:01:04,710
generation in the world
which will leave my children

23
00:01:04,710 --> 00:01:06,810
and grandchildren an Earth which

24
00:01:06,810 --> 00:01:09,399
they might never be able to fix.

25
00:01:09,399 --> 00:01:12,149
(dramatic music)

26
00:01:21,910 --> 00:01:25,690
- Whether it takes 20 years
or 50 years or 100 years

27
00:01:27,360 --> 00:01:31,563
it is inevitable that we
will hit those limits.

28
00:01:32,640 --> 00:01:35,980
We'll run out of resources or
the pollution will become so

29
00:01:35,980 --> 00:01:38,830
bad that it affects our
human health and we start

30
00:01:38,830 --> 00:01:41,377
to feel the impact as human beings.

31
00:01:44,980 --> 00:01:47,057
- I think if we continue
with the linear economy,

32
00:01:47,057 --> 00:01:50,280
we're, to use a technical
term, totally screwed.

33
00:01:52,870 --> 00:01:54,040
- Is it too late?

34
00:01:54,040 --> 00:01:57,730
This is one I get asked
often when I lecture

35
00:01:57,730 --> 00:01:59,560
at Cambridge University and other places.

36
00:01:59,560 --> 00:02:03,730
And sometimes I have to answer this way,

37
00:02:03,730 --> 00:02:07,150
if I look at the science
and if I look at the trends

38
00:02:07,150 --> 00:02:12,150
and the facts, it's very
hard not to be pessimistic.

39
00:02:13,100 --> 00:02:16,470
It's very hard not to say
that we're heading off

40
00:02:16,470 --> 00:02:19,280
the cliff at a hundred miles an hour.

41
00:02:19,280 --> 00:02:22,200
But if I look at the speed
and the scale of the changes

42
00:02:22,200 --> 00:02:25,480
that are happening and I
look at the people working

43
00:02:25,480 --> 00:02:28,610
on these problems and I
look at the breakthroughs

44
00:02:28,610 --> 00:02:30,830
in technology that we're seeing right now,

45
00:02:30,830 --> 00:02:33,372
it's very hard not to be optimistic.

46
00:02:33,372 --> 00:02:34,526
(bells ringing)

47
00:02:34,526 --> 00:02:39,526
I began this journey of
looking at the circular economy

48
00:02:39,810 --> 00:02:43,230
through my work in sustainability,

49
00:02:43,230 --> 00:02:46,560
but really through my
realization after many years

50
00:02:46,560 --> 00:02:49,170
consulting to multinationals

51
00:02:49,170 --> 00:02:52,453
and businesses around the
world on sustainability,

52
00:02:53,380 --> 00:02:58,380
that if we don't solve this one problem,

53
00:02:58,700 --> 00:03:03,000
everything else we do, no matter
how well-intentioned it is,

54
00:03:03,000 --> 00:03:07,000
will be like shifting deck
chairs on the Titanic.

55
00:03:07,000 --> 00:03:09,160
Nobody's going to stop growing,

56
00:03:09,160 --> 00:03:12,760
nobody's going to stop
striving for growth,

57
00:03:12,760 --> 00:03:16,450
whether it's a country or
a business or a consumer.

58
00:03:16,450 --> 00:03:18,050
And so the only way we fix that

59
00:03:18,050 --> 00:03:20,780
problem is to make it circular.

60
00:03:20,780 --> 00:03:23,900
And so I started to think, you know,

61
00:03:23,900 --> 00:03:26,490
I'm working in sustainability,

62
00:03:26,490 --> 00:03:31,490
I'm lecturing, I'm consulting,
but it's just not enough.

63
00:03:33,420 --> 00:03:35,810
The only thing that's enough

64
00:03:35,810 --> 00:03:39,950
is redesigning the industrial system,

65
00:03:39,950 --> 00:03:43,480
literally a new Industrial
Revolution, closing the loop.

66
00:03:43,480 --> 00:03:46,500
This is no longer a dream,
this is no longer a fantasy.

67
00:03:46,500 --> 00:03:49,650
We're not talking about a
utopia, we're talking about

68
00:03:49,650 --> 00:03:53,500
something that is absolutely
happening right now

69
00:03:53,500 --> 00:03:56,690
and that if others could
follow the example of those,

70
00:03:56,690 --> 00:03:58,910
we would change the world forever.

71
00:03:58,910 --> 00:04:02,370
That's why I'm so excited to
go and visit these companies

72
00:04:02,370 --> 00:04:04,010
that are pioneering in this space,

73
00:04:04,010 --> 00:04:08,870
because they're showing that
not only is it possible,

74
00:04:08,870 --> 00:04:10,900
but that they're doing it already.

75
00:04:10,900 --> 00:04:14,400
We don't need new technologies,
they're already there.

76
00:04:14,400 --> 00:04:19,040
What we need is new thinking
and these companies demonstrate

77
00:04:19,040 --> 00:04:21,730
that we can bring that new paradigm,

78
00:04:21,730 --> 00:04:25,757
that shift to actually
change the world, today.

79
00:04:25,757 --> 00:04:29,507
(uplifting orchestral music)

80
00:04:34,875 --> 00:04:36,720
- I think it's a most exciting time.

81
00:04:36,720 --> 00:04:39,500
You've got experiments
happening around the world

82
00:04:39,500 --> 00:04:42,180
in the sort of social
entrepreneurship space,

83
00:04:42,180 --> 00:04:44,090
in the clean technology space,

84
00:04:44,090 --> 00:04:45,830
in the integrated reporting space,

85
00:04:45,830 --> 00:04:48,480
in the circular economy,
it goes on and on.

86
00:04:48,480 --> 00:04:51,810
And it's in that sort of
almost historical U-bend

87
00:04:51,810 --> 00:04:56,620
that you would expect the
maximum confusion, uncertainty,

88
00:04:56,620 --> 00:05:00,060
anger, sense of loss,
existential challenge.

89
00:05:00,060 --> 00:05:03,120
And I think that's exactly what
we're seeing at the moment.

90
00:05:03,120 --> 00:05:05,360
So the question for the
sustainability industry

91
00:05:05,360 --> 00:05:09,810
in a way is can we project
the sort of vision of a future

92
00:05:09,810 --> 00:05:12,950
that people would really aspire
to and want to be part of?

93
00:05:12,950 --> 00:05:14,600
I think we can, but we've got

94
00:05:14,600 --> 00:05:16,380
to come together in a very different way.

95
00:05:16,380 --> 00:05:19,230
- That's a great challenge,
that's a really great challenge.

96
00:05:19,230 --> 00:05:21,888
But I think this is a great
time to do it, we have a great

97
00:05:21,888 --> 00:05:26,888
opportunity to go ahead and
make the local government,

98
00:05:29,810 --> 00:05:32,430
make the city, the municipality,

99
00:05:32,430 --> 00:05:35,650
as the main actor in this process.

100
00:05:35,650 --> 00:05:37,830
- You know I think one of
the things that allows me

101
00:05:37,830 --> 00:05:41,920
to be positive is I was
fortunate to live through

102
00:05:41,920 --> 00:05:44,853
the transition in South
Africa to democracy.

103
00:05:45,810 --> 00:05:50,810
And what I saw was we had a
system where people resist

104
00:05:50,840 --> 00:05:55,840
change for decades, 40 years
apartheid was in place.

105
00:05:55,980 --> 00:05:58,320
But when the change
really started to happen,

106
00:05:58,320 --> 00:06:00,070
there was that tipping point

107
00:06:00,070 --> 00:06:01,873
and it happened incredibly fast.

108
00:06:02,720 --> 00:06:06,210
So you know I really
believe that change can

109
00:06:06,210 --> 00:06:08,567
happen positively very quickly.

110
00:06:16,880 --> 00:06:19,463
(upbeat music)

111
00:06:23,480 --> 00:06:25,193
What is circular thinking?

112
00:06:26,700 --> 00:06:31,700
It's the change in perspective,
the shift in consciousness,

113
00:06:31,830 --> 00:06:36,120
from linear thinking, take, make, waste,

114
00:06:36,120 --> 00:06:39,420
to circular thinking how waste,

115
00:06:39,420 --> 00:06:42,400
instead of being disposed
of or becoming pollution,

116
00:06:42,400 --> 00:06:44,280
rather becomes another product,

117
00:06:44,280 --> 00:06:47,600
becomes an input back into the process.

118
00:06:47,600 --> 00:06:50,526
- Circular economy is an economic system

119
00:06:50,526 --> 00:06:54,720
that is regenerative by design.

120
00:06:54,720 --> 00:06:59,030
Essentially what we aim to do
is to encourage our partners

121
00:06:59,030 --> 00:07:01,920
to move away from a linear
economy where we take, make,

122
00:07:01,920 --> 00:07:06,460
dispose or waste, to a take
make, take-make, take-make.

123
00:07:06,460 --> 00:07:09,500
So it's more optimization of
resources that are already

124
00:07:09,500 --> 00:07:12,830
in the system to reduce
the need for extraction

125
00:07:12,830 --> 00:07:17,610
of more resources from a
finite source essentially.

126
00:07:17,610 --> 00:07:21,460
Yes recycling is a big part
of it but so is refurbishing,

127
00:07:21,460 --> 00:07:24,540
reuse, sharing, zero waste essentially,

128
00:07:24,540 --> 00:07:26,510
just closing the loop on the resources

129
00:07:26,510 --> 00:07:28,020
that are already in the system.

130
00:07:28,020 --> 00:07:31,270
- I think the circular economy
basically sexes up waste,

131
00:07:31,270 --> 00:07:33,520
you know, it makes it quite funky.

132
00:07:33,520 --> 00:07:36,910
Suddenly if you can buy a
swimming costume that's made

133
00:07:36,910 --> 00:07:39,340
out of discarded fishing nets,

134
00:07:39,340 --> 00:07:40,730
what a great story, you know,

135
00:07:40,730 --> 00:07:45,380
because basically you're
helping to clean up the ocean

136
00:07:45,380 --> 00:07:47,880
I guess by maybe swimming
in it at the same time.

137
00:07:47,880 --> 00:07:51,500
I tend to think that the
circular economy represents

138
00:07:51,500 --> 00:07:55,350
our best chance of being
able to consume comfortably

139
00:07:55,350 --> 00:07:57,870
and maintain our current lifestyles.

140
00:07:57,870 --> 00:08:00,880
The alternative would be
to go back to the dark ages

141
00:08:00,880 --> 00:08:02,450
and no one wants to do that.

142
00:08:02,450 --> 00:08:06,820
- I think that circular economy
is all about co-creation,

143
00:08:06,820 --> 00:08:10,500
working together, bringing all
the innovations and knowledge

144
00:08:10,500 --> 00:08:14,970
together in one chain
and being responsible

145
00:08:14,970 --> 00:08:16,570
for what you are doing and making.

146
00:08:16,570 --> 00:08:21,340
- Close the loop, so basically
a perfect circular economy

147
00:08:21,340 --> 00:08:25,340
is where you have zero
diversion to landfill,

148
00:08:25,340 --> 00:08:29,980
that everything that you
produce is recycled and brought

149
00:08:30,820 --> 00:08:35,820
back into economic activity,
that we get to a point where,

150
00:08:36,670 --> 00:08:39,610
whenever an engineer or designer designs

151
00:08:39,610 --> 00:08:42,490
a product that it will
be compulsory for them

152
00:08:42,490 --> 00:08:46,320
to also put forward a recycling plan.

153
00:08:46,320 --> 00:08:48,130
- I think a lot of what
people call circular today

154
00:08:48,130 --> 00:08:50,540
is just generally
improved waste management.

155
00:08:50,540 --> 00:08:52,020
It's not fundamentally thinking

156
00:08:52,020 --> 00:08:55,110
about produce something
from the very beginning

157
00:08:55,110 --> 00:08:56,400
that can be circular,

158
00:08:56,400 --> 00:08:59,147
ensure that the customer can
see real benefit from using it

159
00:08:59,147 --> 00:09:00,653
and real benefit in terms of reusing it

160
00:09:00,653 --> 00:09:02,260
and returning it to us.

161
00:09:02,260 --> 00:09:03,170
So I think there's a challenge

162
00:09:03,170 --> 00:09:05,910
of genuinely satisfying customer need.

163
00:09:05,910 --> 00:09:08,910
We cannot be satisfied until
10s of thousands of companies,

164
00:09:08,910 --> 00:09:11,580
hundreds of thousands of
companies, servicing hundreds

165
00:09:11,580 --> 00:09:14,900
of millions of customers
are really doing circular.

166
00:09:14,900 --> 00:09:16,690
And as long as it remains in the lab

167
00:09:16,690 --> 00:09:18,890
and exploration, we're struggling.

168
00:09:18,890 --> 00:09:21,190
And the world around us is
moving so fast in terms of

169
00:09:21,190 --> 00:09:24,440
the climate crisis, the resource
crisis, it is not enough

170
00:09:24,440 --> 00:09:25,930
to stay tinkering for next 10 years.

171
00:09:25,930 --> 00:09:28,488
We need deliver scale, quickly.

172
00:09:28,488 --> 00:09:31,321
(classical music)

173
00:10:04,320 --> 00:10:06,850
- Would you say that
what you're doing here

174
00:10:06,850 --> 00:10:10,570
is in some way revolutionary?

175
00:10:10,570 --> 00:10:13,760
- I would certainly say that
it's revolutionary because we

176
00:10:13,760 --> 00:10:17,640
really changed the whole model
of the way we do business.

177
00:10:17,640 --> 00:10:21,290
We're moving from a take-make-waste model

178
00:10:21,290 --> 00:10:23,070
to a fully circular model.

179
00:10:23,070 --> 00:10:25,270
- Aiming for zero impact,

180
00:10:25,270 --> 00:10:28,440
Mission Zero by 2020,
that's pretty ambitious

181
00:10:28,440 --> 00:10:33,080
- That is pretty ambitious and
with the present capabilities

182
00:10:33,080 --> 00:10:34,990
and the present technology you cannot

183
00:10:34,990 --> 00:10:38,010
even imagine that you can achieve it.

184
00:10:38,010 --> 00:10:43,010
So this really ambitious
mission that Ray gave us really

185
00:10:44,560 --> 00:10:48,520
force us to new avenues
and that is very exciting.

186
00:10:48,520 --> 00:10:52,210
- In Europe we are now
you know 98% reduction

187
00:10:52,210 --> 00:10:55,710
of carbon with 95% renewable energy.

188
00:10:55,710 --> 00:10:58,990
We have little use of
water in our processes.

189
00:10:58,990 --> 00:11:03,000
We have no waste going to landfill.

190
00:11:03,000 --> 00:11:06,490
And we have more than
50% of our raw materials

191
00:11:06,490 --> 00:11:08,250
already recycled or bio-based.

192
00:11:08,250 --> 00:11:10,900
Now, our challenge is how to upscale

193
00:11:10,900 --> 00:11:14,870
that to close to 100% in 2020.

194
00:11:14,870 --> 00:11:15,940
Innovation and sustainability

195
00:11:15,940 --> 00:11:18,540
are very interlinked in our company.

196
00:11:18,540 --> 00:11:21,360
Actually the person in charge
globally of sustainability

197
00:11:21,360 --> 00:11:24,740
is the same person in
charge of innovation.

198
00:11:24,740 --> 00:11:28,720
So the idea is that any
innovation that we put

199
00:11:28,720 --> 00:11:31,310
on the business should
go for sustainability.

200
00:11:31,310 --> 00:11:36,310
- Our R&D people developed a
way to produce a carpet tile

201
00:11:36,340 --> 00:11:39,120
with about half of the yarn that

202
00:11:39,120 --> 00:11:42,030
we use in a normal carpet tile.

203
00:11:42,030 --> 00:11:44,600
And half the material use is a lot

204
00:11:44,600 --> 00:11:47,370
less environmental footprint,
but in the meantime

205
00:11:47,370 --> 00:11:49,730
they created a completely new look,

206
00:11:49,730 --> 00:11:51,460
because there's almost
no yarn in the tile,

207
00:11:51,460 --> 00:11:53,900
it's a very flat minimalistic look

208
00:11:53,900 --> 00:11:57,790
and it opened up a
complete new market for us,

209
00:11:57,790 --> 00:12:00,610
especially in Scandinavia
and southern Europe

210
00:12:00,610 --> 00:12:03,880
where they like light, hard flooring.

211
00:12:03,880 --> 00:12:05,640
- There are many opportunities

212
00:12:05,640 --> 00:12:08,350
in the waste from other industries.

213
00:12:08,350 --> 00:12:10,930
If other industries are not
clever enough to recycle

214
00:12:10,930 --> 00:12:14,320
their own waste, we will look at what

215
00:12:14,320 --> 00:12:17,770
is the potential waste
which is interesting for us.

216
00:12:17,770 --> 00:12:20,430
So for example we've looked
at, you know, fishing nets,

217
00:12:20,430 --> 00:12:22,880
gathering fishing nets to make nylon.

218
00:12:22,880 --> 00:12:27,880
We look at the laminated
glass and extracting PVB from

219
00:12:27,970 --> 00:12:31,140
that laminated glass and using
as a substitute for latex.

220
00:12:31,140 --> 00:12:35,200
We're looking at various
ideas for our backing.

221
00:12:35,200 --> 00:12:38,300
And the idea is that your
processes are flexible

222
00:12:38,300 --> 00:12:43,300
enough so that it can take
different waste streams.

223
00:12:43,430 --> 00:12:48,430
And I think normally in the
old industry model was about

224
00:12:48,780 --> 00:12:51,660
just, you know, making machines efficient

225
00:12:51,660 --> 00:12:53,510
for only one raw material.

226
00:12:53,510 --> 00:12:55,970
In the new model it's
about making machines that,

227
00:12:55,970 --> 00:12:57,750
maybe they're a little bit less efficient

228
00:12:57,750 --> 00:12:59,823
but they can handle more raw material.

229
00:13:01,041 --> 00:13:04,200
- [Wayne ] So here we're
at the cutting process,

230
00:13:04,200 --> 00:13:05,923
tell me what's happening here.

231
00:13:05,923 --> 00:13:10,420
- Here we have an ultrasonic
technology cutting,

232
00:13:10,420 --> 00:13:12,970
which is unique in the industry.

233
00:13:12,970 --> 00:13:17,970
And the beauty of it is that
it cuts 24 times at one stroke.

234
00:13:18,340 --> 00:13:21,070
So therefore there is no waste in between,

235
00:13:21,070 --> 00:13:23,290
it's ultrasonic so it's very accurate

236
00:13:23,290 --> 00:13:27,010
and it leaves little waste on the side.

237
00:13:27,010 --> 00:13:30,810
- Okay, so getting you closer
to that goal of zero waste.

238
00:13:30,810 --> 00:13:32,010
- Getting there.

239
00:13:32,010 --> 00:13:33,893
- Let's go and have a
look at those trimmings.

240
00:13:36,250 --> 00:13:38,330
- The only thing you have is these sides,

241
00:13:38,330 --> 00:13:40,990
these trimmings of each side.

242
00:13:40,990 --> 00:13:43,310
- Okay, it's very impressive, very thin,

243
00:13:43,310 --> 00:13:46,520
very few resources being used and wasted.

244
00:13:46,520 --> 00:13:48,453
So what's the end of the process now?

245
00:13:48,453 --> 00:13:51,080
- The next process is then when the tiles

246
00:13:51,080 --> 00:13:53,050
are packaged in boxes.

247
00:13:53,050 --> 00:13:54,470
- Okay let's have a look.

248
00:13:56,080 --> 00:13:58,920
So it looks like this is
the end of the process.

249
00:13:58,920 --> 00:13:59,753
- That's the final stage, this is

250
00:13:59,753 --> 00:14:02,100
the packaging of the carpet tiles.

251
00:14:02,100 --> 00:14:04,920
- Okay and this goes
out to happy customers

252
00:14:04,920 --> 00:14:06,370
in Europe from here?

253
00:14:06,370 --> 00:14:07,922
- Middle East and Africa.

254
00:14:07,922 --> 00:14:12,070
This is the manufacturing site
that serves all that region.

255
00:14:12,070 --> 00:14:16,210
- And how many carpets or what volume

256
00:14:16,210 --> 00:14:17,510
are you turning out here?

257
00:14:17,510 --> 00:14:20,970
- Around 14 million
square meters per year,

258
00:14:20,970 --> 00:14:25,380
which is around 60,000,
square meters every day.

259
00:14:25,380 --> 00:14:28,930
- So that's a lot of
carpet and what we hope

260
00:14:28,930 --> 00:14:31,930
with the Mission Zero is
the more carpet you're

261
00:14:31,930 --> 00:14:34,570
selling the more sustainable
the world is getting.

262
00:14:34,570 --> 00:14:36,160
- We hope to get there as well.

263
00:14:36,160 --> 00:14:37,580
- Alright, well thank you so much

264
00:14:37,580 --> 00:14:39,221
for taking us around today.

265
00:14:39,221 --> 00:14:40,054
- Thank you.

266
00:14:40,054 --> 00:14:41,840
- And we really hope that you have all

267
00:14:41,840 --> 00:14:43,770
your success with Mission Zero.

268
00:14:43,770 --> 00:14:46,110
We're watching your progress
and cheering you along the way.

269
00:14:46,110 --> 00:14:48,785
- Brilliant, thank you.
- Alright.

270
00:14:48,785 --> 00:14:51,368
(upbeat music)

271
00:15:30,210 --> 00:15:34,140
What would you say to other
companies that want to follow

272
00:15:34,140 --> 00:15:37,403
this revolutionary path,
that want to be part of

273
00:15:37,403 --> 00:15:39,940
what is effectively the
next Industrial Revolution?

274
00:15:39,940 --> 00:15:42,100
What are some of the lessons that you've

275
00:15:42,100 --> 00:15:44,240
learned that you could pass on?

276
00:15:44,240 --> 00:15:49,240
- For companies to proceed
on this revolutionary path

277
00:15:51,240 --> 00:15:54,930
I would say it starts with your
own people within a company.

278
00:15:54,930 --> 00:15:57,760
If you turn your own
people into believers,

279
00:15:57,760 --> 00:16:01,030
if they get that something has to change,

280
00:16:01,030 --> 00:16:04,630
then they become ambassadors
that work with your customers

281
00:16:04,630 --> 00:16:06,830
and that work with your supply chain.

282
00:16:06,830 --> 00:16:11,542
It starts with leadership
and the top management having

283
00:16:11,542 --> 00:16:14,817
that vision and supporting
that implementation.

284
00:16:14,817 --> 00:16:16,090
- Well I wish you the best of luck,

285
00:16:16,090 --> 00:16:17,950
thank you for your leadership

286
00:16:17,950 --> 00:16:21,620
and I really hope that we see this new

287
00:16:21,620 --> 00:16:24,063
industrial model come fully into being.

288
00:16:24,063 --> 00:16:29,063
- To play a role in a revolution
like this is very exciting

289
00:16:29,100 --> 00:16:33,060
and very stimulating and it
really adds something to working

290
00:16:33,060 --> 00:16:35,273
at Interface that's true for me

291
00:16:37,170 --> 00:16:39,520
and that's true for all our employees.

292
00:16:39,520 --> 00:16:40,570
- Wonderful, thank you.

293
00:16:40,570 --> 00:16:41,670
- Thank you very much.

294
00:16:46,896 --> 00:16:49,896
(upbeat rock music)

295
00:17:07,853 --> 00:17:11,240
- A facility like this, you
take a long-term view on it

296
00:17:11,240 --> 00:17:13,200
when you invest in something like this

297
00:17:13,200 --> 00:17:18,040
you think beyond today,
you think the next 20,

298
00:17:18,040 --> 00:17:20,820
30, 40 up to maybe a hundred years.

299
00:17:20,820 --> 00:17:23,790
Even though we may have
invested a significant amount

300
00:17:23,790 --> 00:17:27,140
of money, the returns
not only to Barloworld,

301
00:17:27,140 --> 00:17:30,240
but to the country, to the world at large,

302
00:17:30,240 --> 00:17:33,060
is, you can't quantify that.

303
00:17:33,060 --> 00:17:35,677
- Give us an idea of what we have here

304
00:17:35,677 --> 00:17:37,500
and the scale of the operation.

305
00:17:37,500 --> 00:17:40,680
- [Dawid] This is a 30,000
square meter facility,

306
00:17:40,680 --> 00:17:43,370
20,000 of that is for the rebuilding

307
00:17:43,370 --> 00:17:46,390
of components and the remainder, 10,000,

308
00:17:46,390 --> 00:17:48,550
is for warehousing purposes.

309
00:17:48,550 --> 00:17:51,910
- Okay and walk me through the
process, what are the steps

310
00:17:51,910 --> 00:17:56,090
when components arrive here, what happens?

311
00:17:56,090 --> 00:17:58,430
- Once the component
arrives here, we disassemble

312
00:17:58,430 --> 00:17:59,750
the component completely,

313
00:17:59,750 --> 00:18:02,240
we do an inspection on the component.

314
00:18:02,240 --> 00:18:05,770
We determine what parts
need to be replaced with new

315
00:18:05,770 --> 00:18:09,000
and which part can be
refurbished and reused again.

316
00:18:09,000 --> 00:18:11,880
Parts will then go through
a process of cleaning,

317
00:18:11,880 --> 00:18:14,900
refurbishment, and then reassembly.

318
00:18:14,900 --> 00:18:18,430
After reassembly the component
will be tested, painted,

319
00:18:18,430 --> 00:18:22,740
and then it's good to go
back to the machine like new.

320
00:18:22,740 --> 00:18:26,680
- Through remanufacturing
we are able to reduce

321
00:18:26,680 --> 00:18:30,100
the cost of doing business,
because we are able to give

322
00:18:30,100 --> 00:18:33,570
the customers components
at a fraction of what

323
00:18:33,570 --> 00:18:35,600
it would cost to get a new one.

324
00:18:35,600 --> 00:18:40,600
When we remanufacture
it also reduces the load

325
00:18:40,750 --> 00:18:45,000
on raw materials, such
as iron ore and steel,

326
00:18:45,000 --> 00:18:50,000
and what we can't reuse, we
send through for recycling.

327
00:18:51,200 --> 00:18:55,520
- So this is obviously a
process that replaces having

328
00:18:55,520 --> 00:18:58,770
to get new equipment every
time something breaks,

329
00:18:58,770 --> 00:19:00,970
that's the essence of remanufacturing,

330
00:19:00,970 --> 00:19:03,420
I presume there must be
some real benefits to that.

331
00:19:03,420 --> 00:19:07,620
- Absolutely, yes, benefits
could be, depending on

332
00:19:07,620 --> 00:19:10,280
the component group, between 20%

333
00:19:10,280 --> 00:19:12,868
for a specific component after failure

334
00:19:12,868 --> 00:19:17,620
up to as much as 60%
saving on the price of new.

335
00:19:17,620 --> 00:19:19,874
So the benefit is quite big.

336
00:19:19,874 --> 00:19:21,530
- Is there a role for government to play

337
00:19:21,530 --> 00:19:24,180
in supporting these kinds of initiatives?

338
00:19:24,180 --> 00:19:26,700
- In a big way, government as a regulator,

339
00:19:26,700 --> 00:19:28,690
you know, they have a role to play.

340
00:19:28,690 --> 00:19:32,550
One of the ways in which they
could do is to provide tax

341
00:19:32,550 --> 00:19:36,040
incentives for facilities such as this.

342
00:19:36,040 --> 00:19:40,880
But also to make sure that
there is adequate supply

343
00:19:40,880 --> 00:19:44,350
of skills, so that we
can continue to bring

344
00:19:44,350 --> 00:19:46,410
people here and train them.

345
00:19:46,410 --> 00:19:50,230
- Okay so you've got definite
economic benefits by what

346
00:19:50,230 --> 00:19:52,740
we call remanufacturing
here, but there are

347
00:19:52,740 --> 00:19:54,893
clear environmental benefits as well.

348
00:19:54,893 --> 00:19:57,100
- Iron is reused, I mean
there's an iron shortage

349
00:19:57,100 --> 00:19:59,070
or steel shortage worldwide.

350
00:19:59,070 --> 00:20:00,790
So we reuse steel.

351
00:20:00,790 --> 00:20:04,130
And we also clean some of the
runoff water on the cleaning

352
00:20:04,130 --> 00:20:08,120
plant and reuse some of that
water for the cleaning process.

353
00:20:08,120 --> 00:20:10,590
- What are some of the things
you think that Barloworld has

354
00:20:10,590 --> 00:20:14,370
overcome that are lessons
that other industries

355
00:20:14,370 --> 00:20:17,210
could learn from, if
you were to advise them

356
00:20:17,210 --> 00:20:19,283
to go down the circular economy route?

357
00:20:20,210 --> 00:20:22,200
- I think it will probably be to say

358
00:20:22,200 --> 00:20:25,600
let's think beyond profits,

359
00:20:25,600 --> 00:20:28,770
because if we don't take
care of the environment

360
00:20:28,770 --> 00:20:30,980
none of us would be in existence.

361
00:20:30,980 --> 00:20:32,910
If we don't take care of the environment,

362
00:20:32,910 --> 00:20:36,110
none of us will be
around in years to come.

363
00:20:36,110 --> 00:20:39,920
And the generations to come
will blame us and therefore

364
00:20:39,920 --> 00:20:43,830
it's a responsibility that
each one of us has to make sure

365
00:20:43,830 --> 00:20:47,287
that we do our best to minimize the impact

366
00:20:47,287 --> 00:20:50,230
of our economic activities
on the environment.

367
00:20:50,230 --> 00:20:55,230
So let's think bigger and also
when we become sustainable,

368
00:20:55,720 --> 00:20:59,040
we take the costs out of doing business.

369
00:20:59,040 --> 00:21:02,400
Those increased profits, we
should be reinvesting them

370
00:21:02,400 --> 00:21:04,990
to make sure that we become sustainable

371
00:21:04,990 --> 00:21:07,040
over many years to come.

372
00:21:07,040 --> 00:21:11,443
I am hoping that my children
and their grandchildren,

373
00:21:13,110 --> 00:21:16,060
when I'm no more around,
they would say you know,

374
00:21:16,060 --> 00:21:20,600
we had a group of people
who had the foresight

375
00:21:20,600 --> 00:21:25,600
to ensure that the economic
activities of their companies

376
00:21:27,350 --> 00:21:32,010
reduced the impact, the negative
impact, on the environment.

377
00:21:32,010 --> 00:21:34,593
(gentle music)

378
00:22:09,530 --> 00:22:12,990
- I was a designer and on
a certain moment I went

379
00:22:12,990 --> 00:22:14,990
to Ethiopia and we saw the land

380
00:22:14,990 --> 00:22:18,390
and it was all land filled with clothing.

381
00:22:18,390 --> 00:22:20,560
And on that moment I said
okay, I have to take my

382
00:22:20,560 --> 00:22:23,728
responsibility and I have
to do it on another way.

383
00:22:23,728 --> 00:22:27,230
The Industrial Revolution was
started with the textiles,

384
00:22:27,230 --> 00:22:29,640
so and we are stating,
okay we are from textiles,

385
00:22:29,640 --> 00:22:32,560
let's start up a new
revolution with textiles.

386
00:22:32,560 --> 00:22:35,170
So we had to show that
it's possible to make

387
00:22:35,170 --> 00:22:38,770
a raw material that's
recyclable eight times.

388
00:22:38,770 --> 00:22:42,110
We have to show that we
can put it into the market.

389
00:22:42,110 --> 00:22:44,810
We had to show that we
can track and trace it,

390
00:22:44,810 --> 00:22:47,530
make an LCA, a lifecycle analysis.

391
00:22:47,530 --> 00:22:50,270
We had to show that there
are business opportunities

392
00:22:50,270 --> 00:22:52,390
and new business models,
that's what we're showing

393
00:22:52,390 --> 00:22:55,110
with performance-based contracting.

394
00:22:55,110 --> 00:22:57,760
And that's something amazing
what's happening over here.

395
00:22:57,760 --> 00:23:00,120
You will see all the
innovations, you will see all

396
00:23:00,120 --> 00:23:03,590
the clothing and the
partnerships and the love I hope.

397
00:23:03,590 --> 00:23:05,568
One of our innovations of the suits

398
00:23:05,568 --> 00:23:09,590
we made together a new brand, WearEver.

399
00:23:09,590 --> 00:23:13,120
We made the suits for them and
the fabrics and they are very

400
00:23:13,120 --> 00:23:15,720
young and they are going with
the motion into the market,

401
00:23:15,720 --> 00:23:19,840
making it very sexy to
have a circular product.

402
00:23:19,840 --> 00:23:20,977
It's amazing.

403
00:23:20,977 --> 00:23:23,560
(upbeat music)

404
00:23:35,291 --> 00:23:39,820
- Yeah and I mean it feels
great, it looks great.

405
00:23:39,820 --> 00:23:42,450
Isn't this one of the
concerns that if you go

406
00:23:42,450 --> 00:23:44,970
for a suit that is somehow sustainable

407
00:23:44,970 --> 00:23:47,330
or circular that you sacrifice quality?

408
00:23:47,330 --> 00:23:49,320
- It is polyester.

409
00:23:49,320 --> 00:23:52,090
However if you look at
polyesters which we can make,

410
00:23:52,090 --> 00:23:53,710
it's not what it used to be.

411
00:23:53,710 --> 00:23:55,890
Look at when you go sporting for example.

412
00:23:55,890 --> 00:23:59,700
If you wear a sports
trousers, sports shirt,

413
00:23:59,700 --> 00:24:01,580
it's 100% polyester.

414
00:24:01,580 --> 00:24:03,100
If you look at the durability,

415
00:24:03,100 --> 00:24:06,700
this material is way stronger
and therefore will last

416
00:24:06,700 --> 00:24:09,180
way longer than for example a woolen suit.

417
00:24:09,180 --> 00:24:10,440
So the technical life span

418
00:24:10,440 --> 00:24:12,890
of the product is quality-wise better.

419
00:24:12,890 --> 00:24:14,660
- And that's quite different from what we

420
00:24:14,660 --> 00:24:16,960
sometimes call fast fashion right.

421
00:24:16,960 --> 00:24:18,990
- It's the opposite I would say,

422
00:24:18,990 --> 00:24:20,510
it's definitely the opposite.

423
00:24:20,510 --> 00:24:23,623
Because if you look at fast
fashion there are three pillars.

424
00:24:24,590 --> 00:24:28,180
It needs to be cheap, super
affordable so people can buy

425
00:24:28,180 --> 00:24:32,480
large quantities, it has a
short technical lifespan,

426
00:24:32,480 --> 00:24:34,470
so people will throw it away quickly

427
00:24:34,470 --> 00:24:36,667
and also buy new clothing quickly,

428
00:24:36,667 --> 00:24:38,913
and it has a short stylish lifespan.

429
00:24:39,890 --> 00:24:44,230
All these factors result in
huge quantities of resources

430
00:24:44,230 --> 00:24:49,120
needed, fossil fuels
needed, to uphold the system

431
00:24:49,120 --> 00:24:51,200
and yeah, this is the opposite.

432
00:24:51,200 --> 00:24:54,310
- I mean how many times
could this suit be recycled,

433
00:24:54,310 --> 00:24:56,690
turned back into fibers
and back into a suit?

434
00:24:56,690 --> 00:24:57,710
- Eight times.

435
00:24:57,710 --> 00:25:01,470
The quality we demand
from this fabric we can

436
00:25:01,470 --> 00:25:04,520
bring the fiber back to the quality,

437
00:25:04,520 --> 00:25:07,100
our acceptable standard, for eight times.

438
00:25:07,100 --> 00:25:10,460
- Amazing so I mean if this
suit lasts me five years

439
00:25:10,460 --> 00:25:13,363
that's eight times five
that's 40 years effectively.

440
00:25:14,419 --> 00:25:19,200
- We're entering resources
once and creating no debris

441
00:25:19,200 --> 00:25:22,423
at the other end for 40 years.

442
00:25:22,423 --> 00:25:25,006
(upbeat music)

443
00:25:41,784 --> 00:25:44,900
- So, here we are at the
heart of your process

444
00:25:44,900 --> 00:25:46,880
and tell me what's going on here?

445
00:25:46,880 --> 00:25:50,100
- Well at the moment we are
at the melt-spin process,

446
00:25:50,100 --> 00:25:51,943
that's what you can see over here.

447
00:25:53,300 --> 00:25:56,600
Polymer pellets are loaded in this machine

448
00:25:56,600 --> 00:26:00,950
and it will convert the
pellets to PET yarn.

449
00:26:00,950 --> 00:26:04,050
- So you keep this running and
running and the pellets are

450
00:26:04,050 --> 00:26:07,280
melted, it comes out as
what you call filaments.

451
00:26:07,280 --> 00:26:10,960
So what is a filament, how
big is it, how do you use it?

452
00:26:10,960 --> 00:26:14,510
- Yarn consists of a hundred
or hundreds of filaments.

453
00:26:14,510 --> 00:26:17,043
One filament has a diameter

454
00:26:17,043 --> 00:26:20,546
of about a five to 29 micrometer.

455
00:26:20,546 --> 00:26:24,810
A human hair has
approximately 80 micrometer,

456
00:26:24,810 --> 00:26:27,370
so this is in fact much
smaller than a human hair.

457
00:26:27,370 --> 00:26:29,510
- Okay so anything from a quarter

458
00:26:29,510 --> 00:26:31,240
to even a tenth of a human hair.

459
00:26:31,240 --> 00:26:34,400
Now what is it that makes something more

460
00:26:34,400 --> 00:26:36,240
or less recyclable when we're talking

461
00:26:36,240 --> 00:26:38,040
about these kinds of yarns?

462
00:26:38,040 --> 00:26:42,880
- Well essential for the
process is a clean waste stream.

463
00:26:42,880 --> 00:26:45,667
If you have a lot of contaminations
in your waste stream,

464
00:26:45,667 --> 00:26:49,590
you're not able to process
it into a filament or a yarn.

465
00:26:49,590 --> 00:26:52,090
- So even dyes, if we're
not thinking through

466
00:26:52,090 --> 00:26:56,640
the whole process, it could be
that the coloring that we add

467
00:26:56,640 --> 00:27:00,020
to the yarn is making it less recyclable?

468
00:27:00,020 --> 00:27:01,731
- Yeah that's right, yeah.

469
00:27:01,731 --> 00:27:03,854
- Alright and I suppose this
is why it's so important

470
00:27:03,854 --> 00:27:05,830
to have the life cycle thinking.

471
00:27:05,830 --> 00:27:07,750
It makes it easier once you get to the end

472
00:27:07,750 --> 00:27:08,930
if you've thought about the beginning.

473
00:27:08,930 --> 00:27:12,548
- Yeah if you really think
of how to handle in the start

474
00:27:12,548 --> 00:27:14,346
of the process then it will help you

475
00:27:14,346 --> 00:27:15,983
in the end of the process.

476
00:27:15,983 --> 00:27:18,630
Then of course you have
to test the mechanical

477
00:27:18,630 --> 00:27:20,640
properties of the material.

478
00:27:20,640 --> 00:27:22,560
Of course you want to meet the same

479
00:27:22,560 --> 00:27:25,310
requirements as virgin material.

480
00:27:25,310 --> 00:27:28,960
So for example what we do is
test the tenacity of the yarns.

481
00:27:28,960 --> 00:27:30,710
- Okay and this is quite
important because you're

482
00:27:30,710 --> 00:27:34,700
suggesting that just because
it happens to be recycled

483
00:27:34,700 --> 00:27:37,150
doesn't mean that it's
got a lower performance.

484
00:27:37,150 --> 00:27:38,830
It goes through the same tests

485
00:27:38,830 --> 00:27:41,040
for performance as any other yarns.

486
00:27:41,040 --> 00:27:42,920
- Exactly, I mean that's the big challenge

487
00:27:42,920 --> 00:27:44,993
of using recycled material.

488
00:27:45,950 --> 00:27:48,350
The challenge is to meet
the same requirements,

489
00:27:48,350 --> 00:27:51,300
specifications as a virgin material.

490
00:27:51,300 --> 00:27:52,930
- But you're finding
that's possible to do.

491
00:27:52,930 --> 00:27:54,978
- Yes I'm sure of that.

492
00:27:54,978 --> 00:27:57,561
(gentle music)

493
00:28:27,957 --> 00:28:30,250
- We are standing in front
of the weaving department.

494
00:28:30,250 --> 00:28:33,170
We can produce here in a year about five

495
00:28:33,170 --> 00:28:35,320
or six million running meters.

496
00:28:35,320 --> 00:28:39,470
And one loom is producing
about 100 to 150 meters,

497
00:28:39,470 --> 00:28:42,320
it depends to the style and fabric, a day.

498
00:28:42,320 --> 00:28:45,230
- The equipment we see behind
us, do you need different

499
00:28:45,230 --> 00:28:46,900
kinds of equipment if you're doing

500
00:28:46,900 --> 00:28:49,700
circular threads and clothing?

501
00:28:49,700 --> 00:28:53,040
- No, the machinery is always
the same, we use the same

502
00:28:53,040 --> 00:28:55,615
machinery but they have
to use the right material.

503
00:28:55,615 --> 00:28:58,198
(gentle music)

504
00:29:21,887 --> 00:29:24,920
So here are we coming to the final result

505
00:29:24,920 --> 00:29:27,120
after eight weeks production,

506
00:29:27,120 --> 00:29:31,450
we see the ready finished Infinity fabric.

507
00:29:31,450 --> 00:29:34,420
- Okay, what, this is no ordinary fabric,

508
00:29:34,420 --> 00:29:36,050
what is Infinity fabric?

509
00:29:36,050 --> 00:29:39,960
- Infinity fabric is 100% polyester.

510
00:29:39,960 --> 00:29:43,680
It's recyclable and it has
motion control function.

511
00:29:43,680 --> 00:29:47,060
So really a high quality,
brand-new fabric,

512
00:29:47,060 --> 00:29:48,087
brand new developed.
- Okay.

513
00:29:48,087 --> 00:29:51,020
And this is what you
developed in collaboration

514
00:29:51,020 --> 00:29:54,760
with Dutch Awearness and it's
for their suits especially.

515
00:29:54,760 --> 00:29:57,160
How long did that collaboration take?

516
00:29:57,160 --> 00:29:59,600
- We worked more than 18 months at this.

517
00:29:59,600 --> 00:30:00,433
- Wow.

518
00:30:00,433 --> 00:30:03,426
Through this fabric you become
part of the sustainability,

519
00:30:03,426 --> 00:30:05,930
circular economy revolution.

520
00:30:05,930 --> 00:30:07,340
How does that make you
feel, this is your company?

521
00:30:07,340 --> 00:30:10,010
- Yeah, it makes us proud,
it makes us really proud

522
00:30:10,010 --> 00:30:13,590
because it was a lot of
work and all my people

523
00:30:13,590 --> 00:30:15,910
worked hours and hours at this quality.

524
00:30:15,910 --> 00:30:20,910
And now we are happy to have
the final product in our hands.

525
00:30:22,970 --> 00:30:25,553
(gentle music)

526
00:30:32,470 --> 00:30:35,400
- Well I think it's a big
step because we are used

527
00:30:35,400 --> 00:30:40,400
to thinking linear produce,
sell, wear, stop, throw it away.

528
00:30:40,950 --> 00:30:43,200
And now we have to go take it back

529
00:30:43,200 --> 00:30:45,050
to our production countries.

530
00:30:45,050 --> 00:30:48,950
So that's another way of
thinking, not only for work wear,

531
00:30:48,950 --> 00:30:51,220
but I think for all kinds of industry.

532
00:30:51,220 --> 00:30:54,670
It has to be as well supply and demand.

533
00:30:54,670 --> 00:30:55,503
We need clients who
say we want to buy this

534
00:30:55,503 --> 00:31:00,422
and we are not afraid to
pay maybe a little bit more

535
00:31:02,430 --> 00:31:05,530
for the same quality,
that is what we need.

536
00:31:06,486 --> 00:31:09,069
(gentle music)

537
00:31:17,940 --> 00:31:20,070
- [Wayne] How did you come
to choose the circular option

538
00:31:20,070 --> 00:31:22,350
for the outfits that you workers wear?

539
00:31:22,350 --> 00:31:25,070
- We really find a
supplier that had a vision

540
00:31:25,070 --> 00:31:26,600
and that was in this market.

541
00:31:26,600 --> 00:31:30,540
Together with our
supplier Dutch Awearness,

542
00:31:30,540 --> 00:31:34,540
we could use clothing waste material

543
00:31:34,540 --> 00:31:37,600
in construction materials.

544
00:31:37,600 --> 00:31:42,600
We are piloting a new
material, the name is Cliff,

545
00:31:44,320 --> 00:31:48,960
and we can use that instead of this wood.

546
00:31:49,970 --> 00:31:52,770
A problem with a lot of waste,

547
00:31:52,770 --> 00:31:54,660
clothing waste, cotton waste

548
00:31:54,660 --> 00:31:57,970
in our cities, and if we harvest

549
00:31:57,970 --> 00:32:02,613
that waste and make it
into construction material,

550
00:32:03,750 --> 00:32:05,000
that's the second problem

551
00:32:05,000 --> 00:32:07,830
that you are solving with this material.

552
00:32:07,830 --> 00:32:09,840
- [Wayne] This is the idea
of urban mining right?

553
00:32:09,840 --> 00:32:11,800
- This is the idea of urban mining,

554
00:32:11,800 --> 00:32:15,120
use what the waste that you have,

555
00:32:15,120 --> 00:32:18,810
reuse it and we also think reuse it

556
00:32:18,810 --> 00:32:23,002
really nearby where you are mining it.

557
00:32:23,002 --> 00:32:25,585
(gentle music)

558
00:32:30,130 --> 00:32:34,050
- We are all in a rat race of consuming,

559
00:32:34,050 --> 00:32:36,373
producing, and not thinking,

560
00:32:37,370 --> 00:32:41,183
grabbing, eating, drinking, spoiling.

561
00:32:43,620 --> 00:32:46,823
Of course we still have
to eat and we must drink,

562
00:32:47,730 --> 00:32:50,480
but we have to do it with more awareness.

563
00:32:50,480 --> 00:32:53,030
And I'm a proud father of a daughter

564
00:32:54,780 --> 00:32:57,433
and I want for my daughter
the best there is.

565
00:32:58,910 --> 00:33:03,740
The best in education, the best in health,

566
00:33:03,740 --> 00:33:04,913
the best in everything.

567
00:33:05,970 --> 00:33:09,600
So also the best in a good environment.

568
00:33:09,600 --> 00:33:12,060
It's not only for my daughter,

569
00:33:12,060 --> 00:33:15,020
but also for my children's children.

570
00:33:15,020 --> 00:33:18,600
A circular economy is
the best for all of us.

571
00:33:18,600 --> 00:33:21,660
- Just look at yourself,
find yourself again

572
00:33:21,660 --> 00:33:24,220
and make the right choice who you are

573
00:33:24,220 --> 00:33:25,070
and what you're going to do

574
00:33:25,070 --> 00:33:26,430
and what you're going to consume,

575
00:33:26,430 --> 00:33:28,380
that's the most important thing of all.

576
00:33:29,712 --> 00:33:32,295
(gentle music)

577
00:33:50,350 --> 00:33:52,534
- The starting point was several different

578
00:33:52,534 --> 00:33:54,977
research projects in different areas.

579
00:33:54,977 --> 00:33:59,977
But the first one that arrived
to obtain important results

580
00:34:00,260 --> 00:34:04,100
was what we have defined in
the complexation of starch.

581
00:34:04,100 --> 00:34:09,100
So the possibility to use
starch as a regular plastics.

582
00:34:09,770 --> 00:34:14,770
From this first application,
new products were generated

583
00:34:15,940 --> 00:34:20,640
and together with these new
products also a new approach

584
00:34:20,640 --> 00:34:24,780
to chemistry and to the use
of renewable raw materials

585
00:34:24,780 --> 00:34:28,487
and to the exploitation of
biodegradability was developed.

586
00:34:29,420 --> 00:34:33,630
These products are part of
the raw materials that can be

587
00:34:33,630 --> 00:34:37,100
transformed in order to obtain Mater-Bi.

588
00:34:37,100 --> 00:34:41,354
Mater-Bi, that is bio plastics made using

589
00:34:41,354 --> 00:34:43,600
starch complexation technology.

590
00:34:43,600 --> 00:34:48,320
So it's a way to combine starch with some

591
00:34:48,320 --> 00:34:51,950
specific materials to
obtain biodegradability.

592
00:34:53,100 --> 00:34:56,950
- So the inputs are entirely
natural from bio-based inputs

593
00:34:56,950 --> 00:34:59,130
and the output is entirely biodegradable.

594
00:34:59,130 --> 00:35:03,160
- It is completely biodegradable
material that can be

595
00:35:03,160 --> 00:35:06,240
transformed in several different products.

596
00:35:06,240 --> 00:35:11,240
And these objects can be used
for different applications

597
00:35:11,850 --> 00:35:16,470
and then can be disposed in an
industrial composting plant.

598
00:35:16,470 --> 00:35:18,780
- These are often the
products that we dispose

599
00:35:18,780 --> 00:35:22,780
of very quickly in our throwaway society.

600
00:35:22,780 --> 00:35:25,170
And not only will they
degrade but you're saying

601
00:35:25,170 --> 00:35:27,190
the plastic bag will degrade as well.

602
00:35:27,190 --> 00:35:31,330
- Exactly so it's a
perfect support to divert

603
00:35:31,330 --> 00:35:35,450
organic waste from landfill
and from incineration.

604
00:35:35,450 --> 00:35:37,950
- Now this is interesting
because this looks to me

605
00:35:37,950 --> 00:35:41,410
like diapers or disposable nappies.

606
00:35:41,410 --> 00:35:43,170
And these are biodegradable also?

607
00:35:43,170 --> 00:35:45,543
- Yes this is a back sheet.

608
00:35:45,543 --> 00:35:50,100
The back sheet is made one
of our Matter-Bi grades

609
00:35:50,100 --> 00:35:52,060
and the back sheet is bio degradable.

610
00:35:52,060 --> 00:35:53,690
- So how long would it take to get

611
00:35:53,690 --> 00:35:56,130
from that to this to that?

612
00:35:56,130 --> 00:36:00,920
- It depends from the different
objects, but the time can

613
00:36:00,920 --> 00:36:05,553
vary between a few weeks
and a couple of months.

614
00:36:05,553 --> 00:36:07,520
- So 30 days, 60 days, quite quick.

615
00:36:07,520 --> 00:36:09,320
- 30 days, quite quick, quite quick.

616
00:36:09,320 --> 00:36:10,241
- Yeah.

617
00:36:10,241 --> 00:36:12,093
- So the different raw materials

618
00:36:12,093 --> 00:36:16,920
are mixed and those and here

619
00:36:16,920 --> 00:36:19,520
the reaction, the transformation happens

620
00:36:19,520 --> 00:36:22,270
and this is the finished product.

621
00:36:22,270 --> 00:36:24,157
- It looks like spaghetti
when it comes to through here.

622
00:36:24,157 --> 00:36:26,840
- Yes, we are in Italy, we like spaghetti.

623
00:36:26,840 --> 00:36:29,470
- Okay so it comes through as plastic,

624
00:36:29,470 --> 00:36:32,420
bio plastic spaghetti, and
then it ends up down there.

625
00:36:32,420 --> 00:36:36,330
- And then the product is
cut down in small pieces

626
00:36:36,330 --> 00:36:39,326
and the granules are prepared.

627
00:36:39,326 --> 00:36:41,410
- Okay and those granules are what

628
00:36:41,410 --> 00:36:43,360
then goes to your clients.

629
00:36:43,360 --> 00:36:48,360
- These granules go to our
customers to be transformed

630
00:36:48,600 --> 00:36:51,690
furtherly in different items, films,

631
00:36:51,690 --> 00:36:55,260
sheets or injection molded items.

632
00:36:55,260 --> 00:36:57,843
(gentle music)

633
00:37:09,730 --> 00:37:12,190
- We've been looking at the
process of producing bio

634
00:37:12,190 --> 00:37:17,190
plastics and those converting
into compostable plastics,

635
00:37:18,460 --> 00:37:22,930
one of which is the
Lavazza coffee capsule.

636
00:37:22,930 --> 00:37:25,800
And that comes to you
at the end of its life

637
00:37:25,800 --> 00:37:27,240
and what do you do with it?

638
00:37:27,240 --> 00:37:32,050
- Yeah, we reuse the coffee
waste, the new capsule,

639
00:37:32,050 --> 00:37:35,810
and we use for making very good mushrooms.

640
00:37:35,810 --> 00:37:39,450
- Now we were told that the
plastic bio degrades and through

641
00:37:39,450 --> 00:37:43,870
a composting process is
once again good for the soil

642
00:37:43,870 --> 00:37:47,740
and have you tested what the
quality of that compost is?

643
00:37:47,740 --> 00:37:52,740
- Yeah, we have tested that
the vegetables grows much more

644
00:37:54,330 --> 00:37:57,430
with this kind of soil
than the normal soil.

645
00:37:57,430 --> 00:38:02,430
It grows 30% more, means we
have 30% more of zucchini,

646
00:38:03,150 --> 00:38:08,150
30% of salad so just putting
the coffee waste in the soil.

647
00:38:09,820 --> 00:38:12,520
So you have to try it, it's amazing.

648
00:38:12,520 --> 00:38:16,950
- And this is a relatively
new idea, of upcycling,

649
00:38:16,950 --> 00:38:18,590
can you explain what you mean by that?

650
00:38:18,590 --> 00:38:23,090
- We take the waste of production of food,

651
00:38:23,090 --> 00:38:28,090
means the coffee grounds, and
we use to produce food again,

652
00:38:28,287 --> 00:38:31,570
we use to produce mushrooms,
very good mushrooms.

653
00:38:31,570 --> 00:38:33,730
So the coffee is going back to the soil

654
00:38:33,730 --> 00:38:37,670
to produce new food after producing food.

655
00:38:37,670 --> 00:38:40,570
- So you're actually creating
value from what would've

656
00:38:40,570 --> 00:38:44,020
previously just been
waste gone to landfill

657
00:38:44,020 --> 00:38:47,021
and possibly created a
problem in the environment,

658
00:38:47,021 --> 00:38:48,584
you have now created new value.

659
00:38:48,584 --> 00:38:50,783
- Yeah, it's a very good example.

660
00:38:51,933 --> 00:38:54,516
(gentle music)

661
00:39:00,457 --> 00:39:04,761
♪ Yesterday we followed the road ♪

662
00:39:04,761 --> 00:39:08,781
♪ We drove all day to watch the coast ♪

663
00:39:08,781 --> 00:39:13,207
♪ It remembered me the
beauty of this life ♪

664
00:39:13,207 --> 00:39:15,670
♪ Such a feeling may last ♪

665
00:39:15,670 --> 00:39:18,680
- We take almost a quarter
million tons of food waste

666
00:39:18,680 --> 00:39:21,340
from anywhere, from households
to manufacturing plants

667
00:39:21,340 --> 00:39:25,000
to retailers, and we transform
it here into renewable energy

668
00:39:25,000 --> 00:39:28,510
and as a byproduct of that we
also produce a fertilizer that

669
00:39:28,510 --> 00:39:31,630
goes back on the field, so
true closed loop process.

670
00:39:31,630 --> 00:39:35,040
- So this particular plant
will take around 45,000 tons

671
00:39:35,040 --> 00:39:37,120
of food waste in a year
and generate around

672
00:39:37,120 --> 00:39:40,930
45,000 megawatt hours of
electricity which is enough

673
00:39:40,930 --> 00:39:43,697
to power around 40,000 homes.

674
00:39:45,323 --> 00:39:47,630
This is where all the food first arrives

675
00:39:47,630 --> 00:39:49,230
from wherever it's come from,

676
00:39:49,230 --> 00:39:50,800
whether it's come from someone's home

677
00:39:50,800 --> 00:39:53,440
or from manufacturing
or from a restaurant,

678
00:39:53,440 --> 00:39:56,480
and it will be brought in
here in big, big trucks.

679
00:39:56,480 --> 00:39:59,140
The guys will tip it on
the floor, mix it up,

680
00:39:59,140 --> 00:40:04,090
and the more it's mixed the
better it is for the process.

681
00:40:04,090 --> 00:40:06,180
- So once it's been
dumped here, how long does

682
00:40:06,180 --> 00:40:08,840
it sit here before it goes into process?

683
00:40:08,840 --> 00:40:10,760
- Ideally it doesn't sit on the floor

684
00:40:10,760 --> 00:40:12,400
for any more than a day.

685
00:40:12,400 --> 00:40:15,710
The fresher it is the
more calorific value,

686
00:40:15,710 --> 00:40:17,590
so the more gas we can generate.

687
00:40:17,590 --> 00:40:19,800
- Right, right, so you take it from here

688
00:40:19,800 --> 00:40:22,130
and then it goes into
the process behind me.

689
00:40:22,130 --> 00:40:23,520
What happens here?

690
00:40:23,520 --> 00:40:27,000
- The mobile equipment
will pick it up in a bucket

691
00:40:27,000 --> 00:40:28,500
and transport it into the hoppers

692
00:40:28,500 --> 00:40:30,070
that you can see behind you.

693
00:40:30,070 --> 00:40:32,840
And in those hoppers it will
be mixed and then it's slowly

694
00:40:32,840 --> 00:40:37,550
fed into a big machine that pulverizes it

695
00:40:37,550 --> 00:40:41,610
into as small a particle
as possible and then liquid

696
00:40:41,610 --> 00:40:45,720
is fed into it, so it creates
a slurry, a pumpable liquid.

697
00:40:45,720 --> 00:40:49,590
- Alright now we've seen
inside the process of receiving

698
00:40:49,590 --> 00:40:54,070
the food waste, mangling it
up and turning it into a kind

699
00:40:54,070 --> 00:40:56,940
of slurry and then it comes
outside into these tanks,

700
00:40:56,940 --> 00:40:59,190
so what happens in that process?

701
00:40:59,190 --> 00:41:00,220
- [Lawrence] The first part of the process

702
00:41:00,220 --> 00:41:02,630
is the liquid will go
into the raw waste tank

703
00:41:02,630 --> 00:41:05,150
and there it's mixed and blended together

704
00:41:05,150 --> 00:41:08,960
and then it's slowly fed into the two tall

705
00:41:08,960 --> 00:41:12,110
digestion tanks where
it'll digest over a period

706
00:41:12,110 --> 00:41:16,490
of 35 to 40 days, generating methane.

707
00:41:16,490 --> 00:41:19,090
That methane is then
pumped to the gas holder,

708
00:41:19,090 --> 00:41:22,100
which is the green bubble you see.

709
00:41:22,100 --> 00:41:25,560
There the gas is mixed and
transported to the engines,

710
00:41:25,560 --> 00:41:27,920
which turn it into electricity.

711
00:41:27,920 --> 00:41:30,850
- Okay, so that's where the
green electricity is that you

712
00:41:30,850 --> 00:41:33,980
create and you feed into the
grid, but presumably you're

713
00:41:33,980 --> 00:41:36,280
left behind with all of that waste

714
00:41:36,280 --> 00:41:38,090
and slurry, what happens to that?

715
00:41:38,090 --> 00:41:42,250
- Once we've used all of
the gas from the liquid,

716
00:41:42,250 --> 00:41:46,580
the liquid is then sent to a
pasteurizer where it is cooked

717
00:41:46,580 --> 00:41:50,410
at 70 degrees to kill off
any pathogens or any germs

718
00:41:50,410 --> 00:41:52,140
remaining in the process and then

719
00:41:52,140 --> 00:41:55,160
that liquid is then stored in tanks.

720
00:41:55,160 --> 00:41:57,800
And there it will stay until
it's needed for the local

721
00:41:57,800 --> 00:41:59,630
fields around us, where it's spread

722
00:41:59,630 --> 00:42:02,890
as a nitrogen rich bio-fertilizer.

723
00:42:02,890 --> 00:42:05,280
This product has actually proved very

724
00:42:05,280 --> 00:42:07,610
beneficial to the farmers.

725
00:42:07,610 --> 00:42:10,410
Over tests they've managed
to gain a much higher yield

726
00:42:10,410 --> 00:42:13,840
from the digestate
fertilizer that they've used

727
00:42:13,840 --> 00:42:16,230
from our process, compared to a chemical

728
00:42:16,230 --> 00:42:18,400
fertilizer that they've used in the past.

729
00:42:18,400 --> 00:42:20,950
- When I look at this process
that we've seen here today,

730
00:42:20,950 --> 00:42:23,440
it's ticking a lot of boxes,
it's doing a lot of things

731
00:42:23,440 --> 00:42:25,210
right, it's solving a lot of problems.

732
00:42:25,210 --> 00:42:27,200
Why hasn't this gone to scale?

733
00:42:27,200 --> 00:42:30,030
- It requires legislative support.

734
00:42:30,030 --> 00:42:33,680
There are incentives that
we use to effectively fund

735
00:42:33,680 --> 00:42:35,740
the plant over the long term.

736
00:42:35,740 --> 00:42:36,740
One of the barriers really,

737
00:42:36,740 --> 00:42:38,700
again for this specific industry,

738
00:42:38,700 --> 00:42:40,320
is how do you get more food waste

739
00:42:40,320 --> 00:42:42,270
out of that 10 million tons.

740
00:42:42,270 --> 00:42:43,850
It's a huge problem for the UK,

741
00:42:43,850 --> 00:42:45,210
it's a huge problem for the world.

742
00:42:45,210 --> 00:42:49,000
If you look at Scotland and
Wales, both of those sets

743
00:42:49,000 --> 00:42:50,680
of authorities have done a really good job

744
00:42:50,680 --> 00:42:53,670
in forcing food waste out of landfill.

745
00:42:53,670 --> 00:42:56,580
If I look at where food waste goes today,

746
00:42:56,580 --> 00:42:59,170
there is still a huge amount
that goes to the landfill,

747
00:42:59,170 --> 00:43:01,260
typically out of our householders bags.

748
00:43:01,260 --> 00:43:02,960
There's a huge amount
that goes to incineration,

749
00:43:02,960 --> 00:43:05,920
which arguably scientifically
is not the right thing to do.

750
00:43:05,920 --> 00:43:07,820
So we've got to do more,
there's still millions

751
00:43:07,820 --> 00:43:10,074
of tons out there to go after.

752
00:43:10,074 --> 00:43:12,824
(dramatic music)

753
00:43:24,840 --> 00:43:27,620
- What we see around
us here is the hosting

754
00:43:27,620 --> 00:43:31,960
of various waste tires in this depot.

755
00:43:31,960 --> 00:43:36,960
On a daily basis there's a
process where each and every

756
00:43:37,320 --> 00:43:40,940
transporter who has been allocated an area

757
00:43:40,940 --> 00:43:43,970
of about 50 kilometer radius

758
00:43:43,970 --> 00:43:46,670
has been given an opportunity to daily go

759
00:43:46,670 --> 00:43:49,700
and collect tires from
the different dealerships.

760
00:43:49,700 --> 00:43:52,390
We've got waste pickers who collect

761
00:43:52,390 --> 00:43:55,190
as individuals and they earn a living.

762
00:43:55,190 --> 00:43:58,340
So daily there's a
transporter who benefits,

763
00:43:58,340 --> 00:44:00,978
there's also a waste picker who benefits

764
00:44:00,978 --> 00:44:03,240
- Phumla, how long have
you been doing this job

765
00:44:03,240 --> 00:44:04,663
and what does it entail,

766
00:44:04,663 --> 00:44:07,210
what does a normal day look like for you?

767
00:44:07,210 --> 00:44:10,620
- Okay, I've been doing
this, it's about a year

768
00:44:10,620 --> 00:44:15,440
and six months now and I'm
with collecting waste tires

769
00:44:15,440 --> 00:44:20,200
and my daily routine is I
go to certain places where

770
00:44:20,200 --> 00:44:23,480
I usually know that there
is tires around there.

771
00:44:23,480 --> 00:44:26,620
And then I collect to
the nearby a place where

772
00:44:26,620 --> 00:44:30,540
I store them and call REDISA
to come and pick the tires up.

773
00:44:30,540 --> 00:44:33,350
- The thing that makes me
get to work is because I know

774
00:44:33,350 --> 00:44:37,680
that this cause is far higher
than just repurposing tires.

775
00:44:37,680 --> 00:44:40,830
We have mothers who have never owned

776
00:44:40,830 --> 00:44:42,610
bank accounts in their lives.

777
00:44:42,610 --> 00:44:45,310
The first time I went out
into the field to register

778
00:44:45,310 --> 00:44:48,570
our first group of waste
collectors into the program,

779
00:44:48,570 --> 00:44:51,290
when we returned after
their training program,

780
00:44:51,290 --> 00:44:53,590
we issued them with their bank cards

781
00:44:53,590 --> 00:44:56,600
and I had a 53 year old
woman break out in tears.

782
00:44:56,600 --> 00:44:59,030
And I thought, what have
I done to offend her?

783
00:44:59,030 --> 00:45:01,130
And she said to me nobody's
ever done this for me,

784
00:45:01,130 --> 00:45:03,470
you don't understand,
it was impossible for me

785
00:45:03,470 --> 00:45:05,040
to get a bank account before,

786
00:45:05,040 --> 00:45:07,270
because I don't have
a residential address,

787
00:45:07,270 --> 00:45:11,670
I don't have a credit record,
so there was just no way.

788
00:45:11,670 --> 00:45:14,660
But through us becoming a
collective bargaining tool,

789
00:45:14,660 --> 00:45:16,660
we were able to negotiate with the banks

790
00:45:16,660 --> 00:45:19,490
to empower these people
to have a bank account.

791
00:45:19,490 --> 00:45:24,060
I have transporters in our
network who would write me

792
00:45:24,060 --> 00:45:27,500
letters to advise on the fact
that this is the first time

793
00:45:27,500 --> 00:45:29,520
ever they've been able to pay school fees,

794
00:45:29,520 --> 00:45:32,610
what a pleasure it is to own
their own home, to have that.

795
00:45:32,610 --> 00:45:35,750
So this waste into worth is far
more than just talking about

796
00:45:35,750 --> 00:45:38,070
the commodity or converting the commodity.

797
00:45:38,070 --> 00:45:41,820
Worth speaks into self-worth,
it speaks into growth,

798
00:45:41,820 --> 00:45:44,110
it speaks into development of people.

799
00:45:44,110 --> 00:45:46,810
And I think because our
heart is in the right place,

800
00:45:46,810 --> 00:45:50,330
we do know that through pushing
for the circular economy,

801
00:45:50,330 --> 00:45:52,320
we are able to change lives.

802
00:45:52,320 --> 00:45:54,700
- How do you see the
benefits of being involved

803
00:45:54,700 --> 00:45:56,337
in a business like REDISA?

804
00:45:57,400 --> 00:46:00,450
- Three years back when
I started with REDISA,

805
00:46:00,450 --> 00:46:03,980
I was not working, I didn't
have a car, the only thing

806
00:46:03,980 --> 00:46:07,200
I had was a small bakkie with a trailer.

807
00:46:07,200 --> 00:46:09,630
And I manage to register with them

808
00:46:09,630 --> 00:46:12,240
and I was appointed as a transporter.

809
00:46:12,240 --> 00:46:16,120
So far after three years I
managed to get four trucks

810
00:46:16,120 --> 00:46:21,120
and I'm giving work, I'm giving something

811
00:46:22,130 --> 00:46:24,810
to eat to about six families.

812
00:46:24,810 --> 00:46:26,460
So REDISA really helped me,

813
00:46:26,460 --> 00:46:29,780
even my children they
go to a better school.

814
00:46:29,780 --> 00:46:31,453
I also managed to pay all my debt.

815
00:46:32,890 --> 00:46:36,700
- There's a lot of social
benefits and economic spin-offs.

816
00:46:36,700 --> 00:46:39,530
- Can you give it a specific
example of somebody you know

817
00:46:39,530 --> 00:46:43,110
whose life has been changed
by being involved in REDISA?

818
00:46:43,110 --> 00:46:44,790
- An example is me.

819
00:46:44,790 --> 00:46:45,623
- Yes, well tell us your story.

820
00:46:45,623 --> 00:46:49,380
- Yes my life has changed completely.

821
00:46:49,380 --> 00:46:54,380
I got very, very sick and at
my age I couldn't get any job.

822
00:46:56,870 --> 00:47:01,340
In life if you are not working
it's very, very difficult,

823
00:47:01,340 --> 00:47:03,330
more especially if you're not a thief

824
00:47:03,330 --> 00:47:05,550
and you don't know what to do.

825
00:47:05,550 --> 00:47:08,220
And then you get an opportunity like this.

826
00:47:08,220 --> 00:47:12,640
It has changed me forever
and I'm a better man

827
00:47:12,640 --> 00:47:15,810
and my family enjoys the opportunities

828
00:47:15,810 --> 00:47:18,470
that I give them you know.

829
00:47:18,470 --> 00:47:20,990
And they benefit, you know.

830
00:47:20,990 --> 00:47:25,990
We have food on the table and
also, you know, as Africans,

831
00:47:27,650 --> 00:47:30,620
it's not only your family that benefits,

832
00:47:30,620 --> 00:47:33,220
it's not only my family, there are other

833
00:47:34,380 --> 00:47:37,020
close families that
benefit also, you know.

834
00:47:37,020 --> 00:47:40,120
I'm currently employing 14 people.

835
00:47:40,120 --> 00:47:42,417
I started with about six people

836
00:47:42,417 --> 00:47:45,090
and they also support their families.

837
00:47:45,090 --> 00:47:48,550
So my life has changed
to see other people happy

838
00:47:48,550 --> 00:47:51,230
and also myself happy and healthy.

839
00:47:51,230 --> 00:47:54,960
If only all the other
industries can look at this,

840
00:47:54,960 --> 00:47:58,200
other waste processes, in this fashion,

841
00:47:58,200 --> 00:48:01,480
I think it can go a long way to creating

842
00:48:01,480 --> 00:48:04,230
a healthy South Africa.

843
00:48:04,230 --> 00:48:07,230
And also we're having a lot of businesses

844
00:48:07,230 --> 00:48:10,570
springing up and people getting jobs.

845
00:48:10,570 --> 00:48:13,601
Remember when you talk of waste pickers,

846
00:48:13,601 --> 00:48:15,660
you're talking of family,

847
00:48:15,660 --> 00:48:18,905
probably the whole entire
family is not working.

848
00:48:18,905 --> 00:48:21,640
And now suddenly they
are able to collect tires

849
00:48:21,640 --> 00:48:24,400
and these tires bring food onto the table.

850
00:48:24,400 --> 00:48:28,250
And that's what motivates
me, that at least people

851
00:48:28,250 --> 00:48:31,750
are getting jobs and people
are doing something, you know.

852
00:48:31,750 --> 00:48:34,880
Waste is worth something if people can

853
00:48:34,880 --> 00:48:36,187
put their mind into it.

854
00:48:36,187 --> 00:48:38,850
And when I grew up, that was 1976

855
00:48:38,850 --> 00:48:40,630
when we burned these tires,

856
00:48:40,630 --> 00:48:43,573
but today I'm creating
jobs with these tires.

857
00:48:45,260 --> 00:48:50,260
So I'm very proud to say my
end will be a better one,

858
00:48:51,640 --> 00:48:53,970
you know, and I'm able to live

859
00:48:53,970 --> 00:48:56,860
in this South Africa that we're in today.

860
00:48:56,860 --> 00:48:59,210
- Unlike a linear economy
where we're taking,

861
00:48:59,210 --> 00:49:01,840
we're making and we're
disposing of products,

862
00:49:01,840 --> 00:49:04,053
in this case in South Africa we're taking,

863
00:49:04,053 --> 00:49:06,280
we're making, we're not disposing,

864
00:49:06,280 --> 00:49:09,760
we're diverting into another
industry which is looking

865
00:49:09,760 --> 00:49:13,790
at beneficiating and
transforming those tires

866
00:49:13,790 --> 00:49:16,530
into commodities to
add to economic growth,

867
00:49:16,530 --> 00:49:18,180
to allow for job creation

868
00:49:18,180 --> 00:49:20,660
and to allow for small
business development.

869
00:49:20,660 --> 00:49:25,560
- This is a an OTR downsizing process,

870
00:49:25,560 --> 00:49:30,560
so basically what we do,
we take a whole OTR tire

871
00:49:30,950 --> 00:49:35,950
which range from 1.5 tons
to about six tons per tire.

872
00:49:39,070 --> 00:49:41,490
The scale of the operation,

873
00:49:41,490 --> 00:49:45,290
I think we can do up to 120 tons per day.

874
00:49:45,290 --> 00:49:47,520
- [Wayne] Okay and after that it goes off

875
00:49:47,520 --> 00:49:50,540
and becomes other products, other uses.

876
00:49:50,540 --> 00:49:55,067
- Yes it then becomes a raw
material for other processes

877
00:49:55,067 --> 00:49:59,440
and those processes could be
to feed it as what they call

878
00:49:59,440 --> 00:50:02,750
tire derived fuel for cement kilns.

879
00:50:02,750 --> 00:50:05,700
You can take it further and convert it

880
00:50:05,700 --> 00:50:07,410
to what we call crumb.

881
00:50:07,410 --> 00:50:09,440
That is used for making rubber products

882
00:50:09,440 --> 00:50:12,170
and used for road paving.

883
00:50:12,170 --> 00:50:16,910
And then there is also a
process called pyrolysis

884
00:50:16,910 --> 00:50:21,320
which is the extraction of
oils or fuel from these tires.

885
00:50:21,320 --> 00:50:23,980
- Now what is it that
personally motivates you

886
00:50:23,980 --> 00:50:26,300
to be involved in a business like this.

887
00:50:26,300 --> 00:50:29,497
You know, you could be
doing many other things,

888
00:50:29,497 --> 00:50:32,200
is there a personal drive?

889
00:50:32,200 --> 00:50:34,380
- It's about where we
grew up, I mean tires

890
00:50:34,380 --> 00:50:37,460
were always an unspoken problem.

891
00:50:37,460 --> 00:50:41,413
They became breeding grounds
for all kinds of diseases,

892
00:50:42,960 --> 00:50:44,810
even though we don't
have malaria in this part

893
00:50:44,810 --> 00:50:46,810
of the country, but mosquitoes

894
00:50:46,810 --> 00:50:49,390
and other insects still
carry other diseases.

895
00:50:49,390 --> 00:50:51,640
In summer after rains you know,

896
00:50:51,640 --> 00:50:53,380
as children it became very difficult.

897
00:50:53,380 --> 00:50:56,020
We could hardly play outside
because of the amount

898
00:50:56,020 --> 00:51:01,020
of mosquitoes that would
have bred in these tires.

899
00:51:01,110 --> 00:51:03,200
But also in winter, I mean if you go

900
00:51:03,200 --> 00:51:06,530
to most townships, the smoke is there.

901
00:51:06,530 --> 00:51:11,530
Yes there is coal also, but
a huge part of it also came

902
00:51:12,090 --> 00:51:17,090
from tires and tires unlike coal also emit

903
00:51:17,170 --> 00:51:20,570
a lot of toxins when they are burned.

904
00:51:20,570 --> 00:51:25,070
So you are not only looking
after the physical environment

905
00:51:25,070 --> 00:51:29,159
but you are looking at
the health and wellbeing

906
00:51:29,159 --> 00:51:31,540
of the surrounding communities.

907
00:51:31,540 --> 00:51:36,540
So for me those are the
reasons that motivated me

908
00:51:38,118 --> 00:51:39,970
and that excite me about this business,

909
00:51:39,970 --> 00:51:43,053
because it does really excite me.

910
00:51:43,053 --> 00:51:45,636
(upbeat music)

911
00:51:51,590 --> 00:51:55,790
- So what kinds of things
can this rubber crumb become?

912
00:51:55,790 --> 00:51:57,900
- It can be used in various industries.

913
00:51:57,900 --> 00:51:59,840
I think the most common one is that used

914
00:51:59,840 --> 00:52:02,980
as infill for synthetic sport surfaces,

915
00:52:02,980 --> 00:52:04,823
for football or soccer.

916
00:52:05,680 --> 00:52:08,840
We're actually looking at
developing ways that it can be

917
00:52:08,840 --> 00:52:12,410
utilized in industry, so we're
looking at the paint industry

918
00:52:12,410 --> 00:52:15,953
for instance that utilizes
it for non-slip paint.

919
00:52:16,825 --> 00:52:20,970
We're manufacturing acoustic
underlays and acoustic products

920
00:52:20,970 --> 00:52:24,320
that are utilized globally from
one of our other factories.

921
00:52:24,320 --> 00:52:28,120
We're exporting those products
to 45 countries currently.

922
00:52:28,120 --> 00:52:32,560
And also we've developed a
market for paving bricks,

923
00:52:32,560 --> 00:52:35,380
interlocking mats for sloping driveways.

924
00:52:35,380 --> 00:52:38,150
But they really play a very strong role

925
00:52:38,150 --> 00:52:39,793
throughout the value chain.

926
00:52:41,320 --> 00:52:43,300
- And when you talk about
the kinds of products

927
00:52:43,300 --> 00:52:45,320
that come out of here it sounds to me

928
00:52:45,320 --> 00:52:49,000
like those products didn't just exist.

929
00:52:49,000 --> 00:52:52,900
You had to find ways
to create new products,

930
00:52:52,900 --> 00:52:55,790
so I'm just interested
in the role of innovation

931
00:52:55,790 --> 00:52:58,060
in this whole circular economy as well.

932
00:52:58,060 --> 00:53:01,410
- That's right, I think South
Africa in the utilization

933
00:53:01,410 --> 00:53:03,173
of rubber crumb is in its infancy.

934
00:53:04,120 --> 00:53:06,920
It's not like many developed markets like

935
00:53:06,920 --> 00:53:08,520
in the United Kingdom
and the United States

936
00:53:08,520 --> 00:53:10,980
where it's in a stage of maturity.

937
00:53:10,980 --> 00:53:15,980
So our role as processors
or recycler is to help

938
00:53:16,590 --> 00:53:18,450
from an innovation perspective

939
00:53:18,450 --> 00:53:19,900
to try and work with other

940
00:53:19,900 --> 00:53:24,020
industries to create innovative products

941
00:53:24,020 --> 00:53:26,280
from the products that
we're producing here

942
00:53:26,280 --> 00:53:29,960
and also work with research institutions

943
00:53:29,960 --> 00:53:33,480
to try and spurn more or generate

944
00:53:33,480 --> 00:53:36,421
more innovation coming through.

945
00:53:36,421 --> 00:53:39,080
- Our experience shows
us that particularly

946
00:53:39,080 --> 00:53:41,190
those countries which are less developed,

947
00:53:41,190 --> 00:53:43,328
particularly those
countries which don't have

948
00:53:43,328 --> 00:53:45,860
an industry which already exist,

949
00:53:45,860 --> 00:53:49,360
and those countries which
have a high labor force,

950
00:53:49,360 --> 00:53:52,291
are very well placed in
order to actually deal

951
00:53:52,291 --> 00:53:55,710
with their waste in this particular way.

952
00:53:55,710 --> 00:53:59,560
Creating in the developing
countries a cleaner environment

953
00:53:59,560 --> 00:54:03,753
is game-changing to the
whole future of our people.

954
00:54:04,630 --> 00:54:08,400
It is proven that when children
grow up and adults grow up

955
00:54:08,400 --> 00:54:13,160
in a cleaner and more good
environment that they have become

956
00:54:13,160 --> 00:54:16,226
more productive and actually
create better countries.

957
00:54:16,226 --> 00:54:18,809
(gentle music)

958
00:54:34,100 --> 00:54:37,510
- We are in the middle of
the mountains but actually

959
00:54:37,510 --> 00:54:40,920
the land that is part of
the metropolitan district

960
00:54:40,920 --> 00:54:43,880
of Quito is quite diverse in altitude.

961
00:54:43,880 --> 00:54:47,310
So we have many different ecosystems,

962
00:54:47,310 --> 00:54:49,220
some of them very fragile,

963
00:54:49,220 --> 00:54:53,010
so we are extremely
committed in protecting them,

964
00:54:53,010 --> 00:54:57,140
ensuring the next generations
to enjoy it as we can do,

965
00:54:57,140 --> 00:55:00,743
the beauties of our city
and the surrounding areas.

966
00:55:01,740 --> 00:55:05,780
- 90% of our territory is rural

967
00:55:05,780 --> 00:55:08,630
and is high endemic biodiversity.

968
00:55:08,630 --> 00:55:13,520
So we are in the future
foreseeing to declare specific

969
00:55:13,520 --> 00:55:18,140
protected areas what we have
now in natural resources.

970
00:55:18,140 --> 00:55:21,070
- It is obvious that
mobility is the main problem

971
00:55:21,070 --> 00:55:24,810
in the city, public transportation
issues, traffic jams.

972
00:55:24,810 --> 00:55:27,810
So we are approaching those problems

973
00:55:27,810 --> 00:55:29,890
through a sustainable vision.

974
00:55:29,890 --> 00:55:32,250
We started the construction of the first

975
00:55:32,250 --> 00:55:33,653
subway line in the city.

976
00:55:33,653 --> 00:55:38,470
This is the largest infrastructure
project ever in Quito.

977
00:55:38,470 --> 00:55:43,470
We are also building a cable
car system to serve those areas

978
00:55:43,520 --> 00:55:46,870
of the city that are located
in the top of the mountains.

979
00:55:46,870 --> 00:55:50,620
And that's not only an
environmentally friendly project,

980
00:55:50,620 --> 00:55:52,930
but it is also an initiative that helps

981
00:55:52,930 --> 00:55:56,760
to regenerate areas that
have been poor for decades.

982
00:55:56,760 --> 00:56:01,760
- And Quito is a highly
known because of the efforts

983
00:56:02,420 --> 00:56:06,900
of conserving the
watersheds, to provide Quito

984
00:56:06,900 --> 00:56:11,900
for a long term water in a
better quality and in quantity.

985
00:56:13,700 --> 00:56:18,700
So we have developed this
specific water fund that is very

986
00:56:19,350 --> 00:56:24,070
well known and it was a
pioneer fund in Latin America.

987
00:56:24,070 --> 00:56:27,700
And now other cities
are doing the same thing

988
00:56:27,700 --> 00:56:31,090
to conserve these watersheds.

989
00:56:31,090 --> 00:56:35,090
- We're also pursuing the
vision of a sustainable city

990
00:56:35,090 --> 00:56:38,083
through an appropriate
waste management system.

991
00:57:15,000 --> 00:57:17,260
- We have provided more than 40%

992
00:57:17,260 --> 00:57:20,130
of the city with waste containers.

993
00:57:20,130 --> 00:57:24,930
We are also working towards
introducing in the city

994
00:57:24,930 --> 00:57:28,960
a culture of recycling, separating waste

995
00:57:28,960 --> 00:57:30,930
from the very beginning.

996
00:57:30,930 --> 00:57:35,460
Likewise we are working
towards protecting our natural

997
00:57:35,460 --> 00:57:40,230
resources, prohibiting certain
activities that are harmful

998
00:57:40,230 --> 00:57:42,870
for the environment
like for example mining,

999
00:57:42,870 --> 00:57:46,667
which is actually an
activity that some sectors

1000
00:57:47,950 --> 00:57:50,370
of the country were pursuing in that area,

1001
00:57:50,370 --> 00:57:52,990
but we actually prohibited that through

1002
00:57:52,990 --> 00:57:55,480
an ordinance in the metropolitan district.

1003
00:57:55,480 --> 00:57:59,970
So these are a few examples
that reflect how we are fully

1004
00:57:59,970 --> 00:58:02,510
committed in making our city not only

1005
00:58:02,510 --> 00:58:06,220
a sustainable one but also
an example for the region.

1006
00:58:06,220 --> 00:58:10,430
- It's crucial to be sensitive,

1007
00:58:10,430 --> 00:58:13,890
to be passionate about the things you do

1008
00:58:13,890 --> 00:58:18,890
and sustainability is the
one that is a vocation,

1009
00:58:19,710 --> 00:58:24,710
it's a grain that you can add
to see that natural resources

1010
00:58:26,850 --> 00:58:31,420
can be conserved for future
generations, for our kids,

1011
00:58:31,420 --> 00:58:33,793
for our city, for our planet.

1012
00:58:34,675 --> 00:58:37,258
(gentle music)

1013
00:58:40,210 --> 00:58:41,787
- Ecuador is one of the
most biodiverse countries

1014
00:58:41,787 --> 00:58:45,680
in the world and we try
to keep it that way.

1015
00:58:45,680 --> 00:58:49,310
So we're putting our grain of sand in

1016
00:58:49,310 --> 00:58:51,070
the process and helping a bit.

1017
00:58:51,070 --> 00:58:54,880
- This is all about recycling of waste,

1018
00:58:54,880 --> 00:58:56,303
specifically Tetrapak.

1019
00:58:57,190 --> 00:59:00,530
Now I know a little bit about
Tetrapak and to me it seems

1020
00:59:00,530 --> 00:59:04,100
like a really difficult
material to recycle,

1021
00:59:04,100 --> 00:59:06,410
because you've got a layer of cardboard,

1022
00:59:06,410 --> 00:59:09,340
you've got a layer of foil
and a layer of plastic.

1023
00:59:09,340 --> 00:59:10,650
How do you deal with that?

1024
00:59:10,650 --> 00:59:12,880
- The thing is, we have two main products,

1025
00:59:12,880 --> 00:59:17,370
one which is made from the
three types of material

1026
00:59:17,370 --> 00:59:19,800
and the other one we take
the cardboard out through

1027
00:59:19,800 --> 00:59:23,210
a process that's called
hydro pulping and we use

1028
00:59:23,210 --> 00:59:26,460
the cardboard to recycle
paper and we keep the foil

1029
00:59:26,460 --> 00:59:29,270
and the plastic to make
the products you see here.

1030
00:59:29,270 --> 00:59:31,320
- Okay and give me some
idea, I mean what kind

1031
00:59:31,320 --> 00:59:33,360
of products can you make from Tetrapaks?

1032
00:59:33,360 --> 00:59:36,240
- It's amazing how versatile
Tetrapak really is.

1033
00:59:36,240 --> 00:59:40,500
We make roofs, our
roofs can last 30 years.

1034
00:59:40,500 --> 00:59:44,740
We have chairs, we have
outdoor furniture which is hand

1035
00:59:44,740 --> 00:59:48,730
woven in Ecuador and we're
sending that to the coast

1036
00:59:48,730 --> 00:59:53,730
so they're probably the most
skillful artisans in Ecuador.

1037
00:59:54,090 --> 00:59:58,700
We have jewelry and we have
the countertops and we're doing

1038
00:59:58,700 --> 01:00:01,450
whole kitchens and
bathrooms with Tetrapak.

1039
01:00:01,450 --> 01:00:04,510
So we're turning waste
into something amazing,

1040
01:00:04,510 --> 01:00:06,210
like something you
would have in your house

1041
01:00:06,210 --> 01:00:07,830
and you would never know it's Tetrapak.

1042
01:00:07,830 --> 01:00:11,120
- What do you see is the future
for businesses like this?

1043
01:00:11,120 --> 01:00:14,270
- Well it's a great
business and we're actually

1044
01:00:14,270 --> 01:00:16,140
trying to expand internationally.

1045
01:00:16,140 --> 01:00:19,690
Because the biggest impact of
this is the transportation,

1046
01:00:19,690 --> 01:00:23,540
so we don't want to bring
Tetra bricks from Mexico

1047
01:00:23,540 --> 01:00:27,170
or from Panama, but we want
to process them locally

1048
01:00:27,170 --> 01:00:29,610
and that way it will be less

1049
01:00:29,610 --> 01:00:31,550
of an impact for the environment.

1050
01:00:31,550 --> 01:00:34,850
- I mean you see Tetrapak
as a resource, it's an input

1051
01:00:34,850 --> 01:00:37,470
to your process and yet I understand that

1052
01:00:37,470 --> 01:00:40,230
in other countries they're
actually paid to get rid of it.

1053
01:00:40,230 --> 01:00:42,670
- Yes and they pay a lot to get rid of it.

1054
01:00:42,670 --> 01:00:45,160
- So not only are you
getting rid of a problem

1055
01:00:45,160 --> 01:00:48,480
but actually it's just
creating a product for you,

1056
01:00:48,480 --> 01:00:50,152
so it's a business
opportunity, everybody wins.

1057
01:00:50,152 --> 01:00:54,530
- Yes, we can make pretty much
any product that's using wood

1058
01:00:54,530 --> 01:00:58,770
or cement or non-renewable materials

1059
01:00:58,770 --> 01:01:00,910
and make something even better.

1060
01:01:00,910 --> 01:01:04,050
The quality of our products
are better than the ones

1061
01:01:04,050 --> 01:01:08,145
that are in the market right
now, so it's a great business.

1062
01:01:08,145 --> 01:01:10,728
(upbeat music)

1063
01:01:27,790 --> 01:01:30,593
- We produce about 20,000 cars per year.

1064
01:01:31,830 --> 01:01:34,430
Our production is one of
the most important here

1065
01:01:34,430 --> 01:01:37,540
in Ecuador because the
market share of the company

1066
01:01:37,540 --> 01:01:41,930
is about 48% of the total
market in the country.

1067
01:01:41,930 --> 01:01:44,020
- Right, let's look at
these crates over here

1068
01:01:44,020 --> 01:01:46,990
and explain to me what's
special about them.

1069
01:01:46,990 --> 01:01:51,120
- The special thing about these
boxes, they are returnable.

1070
01:01:51,120 --> 01:01:55,130
It means we can collapse
them, they go again to Japan,

1071
01:01:55,130 --> 01:01:59,080
so the people there take new parts

1072
01:01:59,080 --> 01:02:01,250
and goes over again to Ecuador.

1073
01:02:01,250 --> 01:02:03,987
It happens about 10 times before the box

1074
01:02:03,987 --> 01:02:06,450
is not useful anymore.

1075
01:02:06,450 --> 01:02:08,090
- Okay and when you say
the box, you're really

1076
01:02:08,090 --> 01:02:10,280
talking about this metal frame.

1077
01:02:10,280 --> 01:02:12,630
It's much stronger, it
doesn't break like the wood

1078
01:02:12,630 --> 01:02:16,680
or like other casings, it's
a very elegant solution.

1079
01:02:16,680 --> 01:02:20,917
- Yeah it's a pretty simple
idea, but in fact the results

1080
01:02:20,917 --> 01:02:23,100
are very good for us,
because we are avoiding

1081
01:02:23,100 --> 01:02:25,170
to buy another metal boxes.

1082
01:02:25,170 --> 01:02:28,400
- What are the achievements
you've made here on environment?

1083
01:02:28,400 --> 01:02:31,450
- [Adolfo] Our calculation
is that at this moment,

1084
01:02:31,450 --> 01:02:34,230
99% of the waste from the company,

1085
01:02:34,230 --> 01:02:37,660
they are totally reusable or recycled.

1086
01:02:37,660 --> 01:02:40,030
It means all the material has a solution

1087
01:02:40,030 --> 01:02:43,440
or has a partner who makes
anything with the material.

1088
01:02:43,440 --> 01:02:45,690
- [Wayne] So the whole chassis
of the car gets dipped into

1089
01:02:45,690 --> 01:02:47,870
the water with lots of chemicals.

1090
01:02:47,870 --> 01:02:50,360
What happens to that
water and those chemicals?

1091
01:02:50,360 --> 01:02:51,240
- [Adolfo] Okay.

1092
01:02:51,240 --> 01:02:53,960
The water goes to a
wastewater treatment plant.

1093
01:02:53,960 --> 01:02:57,630
So the water is recovered, we
take off all the chemicals,

1094
01:02:57,630 --> 01:03:01,280
all the hazardous materials,
and the water comes back,

1095
01:03:01,280 --> 01:03:02,550
it's a closed loop for the water.

1096
01:03:02,550 --> 01:03:04,550
- Amazing so you've got
two closed loops there,

1097
01:03:04,550 --> 01:03:07,720
the water is going round
and round your system

1098
01:03:07,720 --> 01:03:10,900
and the chemical sludge waste
coming out of that process

1099
01:03:10,900 --> 01:03:13,340
goes to the cement company Holcim

1100
01:03:13,340 --> 01:03:15,369
and they use it as a
fuel for their process.

1101
01:03:15,369 --> 01:03:16,416
- Yeah.

1102
01:03:16,416 --> 01:03:18,999
(upbeat music)

1103
01:03:20,130 --> 01:03:23,730
- Here we receive all the
water, we try to mix it up

1104
01:03:23,730 --> 01:03:27,570
a little bit, we regulate
the pH of the wastewater

1105
01:03:27,570 --> 01:03:31,120
and then we apply a
biological treatment system

1106
01:03:31,120 --> 01:03:35,340
that is intended to remove
all the organic compounds

1107
01:03:35,340 --> 01:03:36,940
that are present in the water.

1108
01:03:36,940 --> 01:03:39,020
- [Wayne] So it comes
in, I guess through pipes

1109
01:03:39,020 --> 01:03:40,970
and there's some treatment tanks here.

1110
01:03:40,970 --> 01:03:41,803
- [Fernanda] Yes.

1111
01:03:41,803 --> 01:03:43,732
- And then it comes through to this,

1112
01:03:43,732 --> 01:03:46,360
this is the sewer where
it used to be discharged.

1113
01:03:46,360 --> 01:03:49,730
- Exactly, we use this discharge like from

1114
01:03:49,730 --> 01:03:52,590
five to 6,000 cubic meters

1115
01:03:52,590 --> 01:03:55,990
of treated water per month right here.

1116
01:03:55,990 --> 01:03:57,500
- And now you discharge nothing?

1117
01:03:57,500 --> 01:03:58,680
- Yes.

1118
01:03:58,680 --> 01:04:02,170
We noted that there was
an opportunity for us,

1119
01:04:02,170 --> 01:04:05,470
because we were discharging
like really good

1120
01:04:05,470 --> 01:04:07,860
quality water to our sewage system.

1121
01:04:07,860 --> 01:04:11,470
So we decided to a promote
a project to implement

1122
01:04:11,470 --> 01:04:14,590
an ultra-filtration and
a reverse osmosis system

1123
01:04:14,590 --> 01:04:19,480
that will allow us to get a
water with potable quality

1124
01:04:19,480 --> 01:04:22,910
and this water will be used
in our biggest consumer

1125
01:04:22,910 --> 01:04:24,608
of the plant, that is the paint shop.

1126
01:04:24,608 --> 01:04:27,717
- So behind us is the technical process

1127
01:04:27,717 --> 01:04:29,760
and you designed this.
- Yes.

1128
01:04:29,760 --> 01:04:32,770
- Okay fantastic, as an
environmental engineer.

1129
01:04:32,770 --> 01:04:35,680
And you get it to what kind of quality,

1130
01:04:35,680 --> 01:04:36,970
I mean is it drinkable quality?

1131
01:04:36,970 --> 01:04:37,825
- Yes, the water is drinkable.

1132
01:04:37,825 --> 01:04:38,730
- Really.
- Yes.

1133
01:04:38,730 --> 01:04:40,450
- So I could drink a glass

1134
01:04:40,450 --> 01:04:42,340
of this water and I won't die?

1135
01:04:42,340 --> 01:04:44,097
- No you wouldn't die.
(laughing)

1136
01:04:44,097 --> 01:04:47,290
- Well maybe we should do
that now, I brought a glass.

1137
01:04:47,290 --> 01:04:50,168
- [Fernanda] That's the
water quality we get here.

1138
01:04:50,168 --> 01:04:53,718
- Okay and this is water
that's come out of that plant

1139
01:04:53,718 --> 01:04:57,107
that we were just in, with all
the chemicals and the paint

1140
01:04:57,107 --> 01:05:00,367
and the treatment and now
it should be drinkable.

1141
01:05:01,543 --> 01:05:02,376
- Yes, it's purified water.

1142
01:05:02,376 --> 01:05:04,793
- Cheers, well done.
- Cheers.

1143
01:05:06,720 --> 01:05:09,784
- It's like drinking
distilled water, right?

1144
01:05:09,784 --> 01:05:11,064
- Exactly.
- Completely pure.

1145
01:05:11,064 --> 01:05:12,170
- Completely pure.

1146
01:05:12,170 --> 01:05:17,170
You can keep going with
industrial process while you take

1147
01:05:17,330 --> 01:05:19,900
care of the environment
and while you do something

1148
01:05:19,900 --> 01:05:21,600
to solve some kind of problems.

1149
01:05:21,600 --> 01:05:23,840
This project was not approved because

1150
01:05:23,840 --> 01:05:26,904
of the financial profit or benefits.

1151
01:05:26,904 --> 01:05:28,994
This project was approved because it has

1152
01:05:28,994 --> 01:05:32,749
a lot of environmental
and social benefits.

1153
01:05:32,749 --> 01:05:35,499
(dramatic music)

1154
01:07:09,010 --> 01:07:14,010
- Is there a way that you also
re-utilize your resources?

1155
01:07:58,590 --> 01:08:02,177
- What keeps you motivated,
what inspires you to take care

1156
01:08:02,177 --> 01:08:06,493
of the environment while you
also take care of your cows?

1157
01:08:25,761 --> 01:08:28,344
(upbeat music)

1158
01:09:06,631 --> 01:09:10,464
- [Wayne] What was this
area like in the past?

1159
01:11:16,310 --> 01:11:17,610
- Seeing that you're protecting this

1160
01:11:17,610 --> 01:11:19,090
for the future generation,

1161
01:11:19,090 --> 01:11:22,340
that you really believe
that, is wonderful to hear.

1162
01:11:45,083 --> 01:11:48,840
- So really you know we have
to engage people in this

1163
01:11:48,840 --> 01:11:51,460
and we have to make them
want to actually be a part

1164
01:11:51,460 --> 01:11:53,980
of this equation and
get their participation.

1165
01:11:53,980 --> 01:11:57,170
- Part of our problem in
moving towards circularity

1166
01:11:57,170 --> 01:12:01,120
is most people neither
see the importance of it

1167
01:12:01,120 --> 01:12:02,800
nor exactly know how to do it.

1168
01:12:02,800 --> 01:12:05,890
They're not engineers
and actually very often

1169
01:12:05,890 --> 01:12:08,950
it's much easier to see the complications

1170
01:12:08,950 --> 01:12:12,340
than it is to see the longer-term benefits

1171
01:12:12,340 --> 01:12:15,620
and that's why I think
the political leadership

1172
01:12:15,620 --> 01:12:19,260
and the government endorsement
and you know subsidy

1173
01:12:19,260 --> 01:12:23,270
for the right sorts of
activities is so crucial.

1174
01:12:23,270 --> 01:12:25,095
- I think businesses have to lead.

1175
01:12:25,095 --> 01:12:30,095
In my time working in NGOs
or in business I haven't seen

1176
01:12:33,470 --> 01:12:36,240
the leadership that the
world needs from governments.

1177
01:12:36,240 --> 01:12:38,730
Again I think governments in some places

1178
01:12:38,730 --> 01:12:42,210
and sometimes are more
short term than businesses.

1179
01:12:42,210 --> 01:12:44,880
- Well it's very hard for
governments which are in a short

1180
01:12:44,880 --> 01:12:49,640
cycle of voting and
elections, four or five years,

1181
01:12:49,640 --> 01:12:52,540
to make long-term decisions.

1182
01:12:52,540 --> 01:12:55,210
And so what we find is that sustainability

1183
01:12:55,210 --> 01:12:57,860
is about investing for the long-term

1184
01:12:57,860 --> 01:13:00,780
and the pressure is all short-term.

1185
01:13:00,780 --> 01:13:05,600
And especially in a democracy
what is often very difficult

1186
01:13:05,600 --> 01:13:08,990
is asking the public to make short-term

1187
01:13:08,990 --> 01:13:11,770
sacrifices for a long-term gain.

1188
01:13:11,770 --> 01:13:14,200
- We love to accumulate stuff I think,

1189
01:13:14,200 --> 01:13:16,930
it's a very human condition.

1190
01:13:16,930 --> 01:13:19,740
You know we've kind of,
we relate stuff back

1191
01:13:19,740 --> 01:13:24,370
to our sense of self and
our values if you like

1192
01:13:24,370 --> 01:13:25,810
and our status in society.

1193
01:13:25,810 --> 01:13:29,257
So to suddenly give up stuff
and to access it rather than

1194
01:13:29,257 --> 01:13:33,210
own it outright, it's
going to be quite a step

1195
01:13:33,210 --> 01:13:37,320
for us to make and getting
that messaging right

1196
01:13:37,320 --> 01:13:39,040
is going to be critical going forward.

1197
01:13:39,040 --> 01:13:42,070
And the circular economy
community hasn't really

1198
01:13:42,070 --> 01:13:43,340
worked that out yet I don't think,

1199
01:13:43,340 --> 01:13:45,180
they haven't really done much work around

1200
01:13:45,180 --> 01:13:47,640
the public engagement piece that's needed.

1201
01:13:47,640 --> 01:13:50,590
- We expect even in our countries in our

1202
01:13:50,590 --> 01:13:52,780
economies to always be growing.

1203
01:13:52,780 --> 01:13:55,130
If we're not growing it's a crisis.

1204
01:13:55,130 --> 01:13:58,660
We expect our businesses
to always be growing.

1205
01:13:58,660 --> 01:14:00,600
So we've got a set of expectations which

1206
01:14:00,600 --> 01:14:03,780
are actually fundamentally in conflict

1207
01:14:03,780 --> 01:14:06,500
with the finite planet that we live on.

1208
01:14:06,500 --> 01:14:09,850
On the one hand humans have
always been at the frontiers,

1209
01:14:09,850 --> 01:14:14,850
they've always been expanding,
conquering territories,

1210
01:14:15,300 --> 01:14:19,870
and generally it's been a
part of increased consumption,

1211
01:14:19,870 --> 01:14:23,710
increased utilization of land and energy,

1212
01:14:23,710 --> 01:14:26,190
that's been the story of human evolution.

1213
01:14:26,190 --> 01:14:30,950
On the other hand it's only
fairly recently that we have

1214
01:14:30,950 --> 01:14:35,270
been so wealthy that we haven't had

1215
01:14:35,270 --> 01:14:40,010
to think about reusing or recycling.

1216
01:14:40,010 --> 01:14:42,370
It wasn't that long ago when,

1217
01:14:42,370 --> 01:14:44,510
whether it was the milkman
bringing milk bottles

1218
01:14:44,510 --> 01:14:46,250
back for us to reuse,

1219
01:14:46,250 --> 01:14:49,549
or darning our socks when
they had holes in them,

1220
01:14:49,549 --> 01:14:53,100
this was normal and it was because it

1221
01:14:53,100 --> 01:14:56,190
was too expensive to do something else.

1222
01:14:56,190 --> 01:14:58,140
I think one of the changes that's happened

1223
01:14:58,140 --> 01:15:03,140
is we've lost sight of
what makes us happy.

1224
01:15:04,490 --> 01:15:08,370
You know, our fundamental
human needs hasn't changed

1225
01:15:08,370 --> 01:15:12,140
but the way that we satisfy
those needs has changed.

1226
01:15:12,140 --> 01:15:14,940
In a way we could say rather
facetiously we invented

1227
01:15:14,940 --> 01:15:18,820
advertising, we invented
consumption, to say that

1228
01:15:18,820 --> 01:15:22,500
you can't be happy unless
you have more stuff.

1229
01:15:22,500 --> 01:15:24,210
Whereas of course for thousands of years

1230
01:15:24,210 --> 01:15:25,860
we were happy without stuff.

1231
01:15:25,860 --> 01:15:29,890
That's one of the elements
of the take-make-waste

1232
01:15:29,890 --> 01:15:32,303
throwaway society that we've bought into.

1233
01:15:33,150 --> 01:15:37,220
And we need to really question
that, we need to teach our

1234
01:15:37,220 --> 01:15:41,090
kids that it's not okay just to want more,

1235
01:15:41,090 --> 01:15:43,990
it's not necessarily going
to make them happier.

1236
01:15:43,990 --> 01:15:46,480
There is something about human psychology

1237
01:15:46,480 --> 01:15:50,120
where we want to feel that we're growing.

1238
01:15:50,120 --> 01:15:53,310
We have to just think
about what growth means.

1239
01:15:53,310 --> 01:15:57,200
Does growth always mean more
or does it mean development,

1240
01:15:57,200 --> 01:16:01,500
does it mean we're
increasing our satisfaction,

1241
01:16:01,500 --> 01:16:04,380
that we're evolving, that we're learning

1242
01:16:04,380 --> 01:16:06,880
as a society, as a city, as a family.

1243
01:16:06,880 --> 01:16:10,520
- Well I think the linear
economy is the prevailing model

1244
01:16:10,520 --> 01:16:14,550
because simply the world
is just not in tune

1245
01:16:14,550 --> 01:16:18,214
or necessarily aware
of the circular model,

1246
01:16:18,214 --> 01:16:22,440
and it's economic and societal benefits.

1247
01:16:22,440 --> 01:16:27,440
So it seems to us that part
of the challenge is that

1248
01:16:27,440 --> 01:16:31,450
the circular stakeholders
are still working in silos.

1249
01:16:31,450 --> 01:16:34,450
So they're not, the community
isn't one community yet,

1250
01:16:34,450 --> 01:16:37,563
and the purpose, our
purpose of forming this,

1251
01:16:38,740 --> 01:16:41,682
accelerating the Circular
Economy program is in fact

1252
01:16:41,682 --> 01:16:44,040
to bring all these
stakeholders into this space

1253
01:16:44,040 --> 01:16:46,760
so that they can form partnerships

1254
01:16:46,760 --> 01:16:48,660
that will help speed up and scale.

1255
01:16:48,660 --> 01:16:51,490
And of course you know
this includes technology

1256
01:16:51,490 --> 01:16:55,550
and new innovations, this
includes policy makers

1257
01:16:55,550 --> 01:16:58,390
who can create regulatory
frameworks that enable

1258
01:16:58,390 --> 01:17:00,530
circular business models to flourish,

1259
01:17:00,530 --> 01:17:03,721
and this of course includes investors.

1260
01:17:03,721 --> 01:17:04,730
- What needs to happen,

1261
01:17:04,730 --> 01:17:08,260
companies need to make these products,

1262
01:17:08,260 --> 01:17:10,650
well they need to make more
of them more affordable,

1263
01:17:10,650 --> 01:17:12,290
so they need to scale.

1264
01:17:12,290 --> 01:17:16,424
These ideas need to scale and
become commercially feasible

1265
01:17:16,424 --> 01:17:18,720
in a way that's also affordable.

1266
01:17:18,720 --> 01:17:22,090
They all carry a premium and
if you want circular solutions

1267
01:17:22,090 --> 01:17:26,810
to basically take off they need
to be made more affordable.

1268
01:17:26,810 --> 01:17:29,900
We could enter, maybe 10
years' time we could see

1269
01:17:29,900 --> 01:17:33,120
a circular economy that's
just built for the elite.

1270
01:17:33,120 --> 01:17:36,880
And actually what happens
then about access?

1271
01:17:36,880 --> 01:17:41,020
You know if ordinary people
can't access these products

1272
01:17:41,020 --> 01:17:42,760
then they're not going to benefit

1273
01:17:42,760 --> 01:17:44,640
from them and that's a real problem.

1274
01:17:44,640 --> 01:17:46,610
- If we over-engineered
the circular economy

1275
01:17:46,610 --> 01:17:48,030
we'll never get it off the drawing board,

1276
01:17:48,030 --> 01:17:50,570
certainly not to hundreds if
not thousands of companies.

1277
01:17:50,570 --> 01:17:52,380
So take Marks & Spencer for example,

1278
01:17:52,380 --> 01:17:55,170
we sell 35,000 different product lines,

1279
01:17:55,170 --> 01:17:57,730
that's a big challenge to think circular.

1280
01:17:57,730 --> 01:17:58,740
But if I look at it another way

1281
01:17:58,740 --> 01:18:01,930
and say well 28,000 items are clothing.

1282
01:18:01,930 --> 01:18:04,840
How do we sell clothing in a
fundamentally different way?

1283
01:18:04,840 --> 01:18:06,880
How do we ensure that
customers get a great product

1284
01:18:06,880 --> 01:18:08,860
that lasts as long as it possibly can,

1285
01:18:08,860 --> 01:18:10,740
but when you finish with
it there is an easy way

1286
01:18:10,740 --> 01:18:12,450
to return it to Marks & Spencer?

1287
01:18:12,450 --> 01:18:14,050
And that's what we've done
with our shwopping campaign

1288
01:18:14,050 --> 01:18:17,120
with Oxfam, return your
used M&S clothing to us

1289
01:18:17,120 --> 01:18:19,950
or to Oxfam, we donate it
to Oxfam, they reuse it,

1290
01:18:19,950 --> 01:18:23,950
they resell it, there's 99.9%
of the fiber they get back

1291
01:18:23,950 --> 01:18:25,840
is reused to create value for Oxfam

1292
01:18:25,840 --> 01:18:27,370
in their overseas development work.

1293
01:18:27,370 --> 01:18:28,700
That's fantastic, it's done with real

1294
01:18:28,700 --> 01:18:30,450
scale and real authority.

1295
01:18:30,450 --> 01:18:32,500
Now we get back three to
four million items a year.

1296
01:18:32,500 --> 01:18:34,990
That's not 100% of what we sell, it's 1%,

1297
01:18:34,990 --> 01:18:36,420
so again we're challenging ourselves

1298
01:18:36,420 --> 01:18:38,170
as to how we get that to scale.

1299
01:18:38,170 --> 01:18:39,770
But that's still a fairly
significant number,

1300
01:18:39,770 --> 01:18:41,580
three to four million items a year.

1301
01:18:41,580 --> 01:18:43,790
So we've got a challenge
there about simplification,

1302
01:18:43,790 --> 01:18:45,460
make it as easy as possible.

1303
01:18:45,460 --> 01:18:47,860
The second challenge we've got
is to actually get businesses

1304
01:18:47,860 --> 01:18:50,949
working together on this,
particularly competitors.

1305
01:18:50,949 --> 01:18:52,700
We will not create a sustainable economy

1306
01:18:52,700 --> 01:18:54,200
simply because little old Marks & Spencer

1307
01:18:54,200 --> 01:18:56,080
decides it wants to do it on its own.

1308
01:18:56,080 --> 01:18:59,000
We need to show as many
different participants in the UK

1309
01:18:59,000 --> 01:19:01,540
global economy are doing it,
partly because everybody's

1310
01:19:01,540 --> 01:19:03,860
raw material is somebody else's waste,

1311
01:19:03,860 --> 01:19:06,610
is somebody else's opportunity
for resource as well.

1312
01:19:06,610 --> 01:19:08,520
So the more people that are
participating, the more that

1313
01:19:08,520 --> 01:19:11,820
materials can be used, the
more we can get the synergies

1314
01:19:11,820 --> 01:19:14,090
and efficiencies of scale
collection of materials

1315
01:19:14,090 --> 01:19:16,020
and bring them back as well.

1316
01:19:16,020 --> 01:19:17,790
So only by doing those two things,

1317
01:19:17,790 --> 01:19:20,660
simplification and scaling
it across many different

1318
01:19:20,660 --> 01:19:22,740
businesses, will we create
the truly circular economy.

1319
01:19:22,740 --> 01:19:25,780
- I think it really
does come down to cost.

1320
01:19:25,780 --> 01:19:27,570
There's a lot of local authorities

1321
01:19:27,570 --> 01:19:28,500
who are doing the right thing.

1322
01:19:28,500 --> 01:19:30,380
I think what we need is some support from

1323
01:19:30,380 --> 01:19:32,147
the government to try
and push that forward.

1324
01:19:32,147 --> 01:19:34,580
And don't forget it's
not just householders,

1325
01:19:34,580 --> 01:19:36,860
you've got retail organizations,
you've got commercial

1326
01:19:36,860 --> 01:19:39,370
organizations, how do
we support those guys,

1327
01:19:39,370 --> 01:19:41,860
how do we make them think
more about their food waste?

1328
01:19:41,860 --> 01:19:44,200
There's an awful lot going
on, don't get me wrong,

1329
01:19:44,200 --> 01:19:46,200
people are really focused on
it, but I think there's another

1330
01:19:46,200 --> 01:19:49,560
push we can make to try and
get another slice of that food

1331
01:19:49,560 --> 01:19:52,740
waste out of the residual
stream into plants like these.

1332
01:19:52,740 --> 01:19:55,630
- The trouble is with the
circular economy you can't just

1333
01:19:55,630 --> 01:19:59,940
design a circular product
or service in isolation.

1334
01:19:59,940 --> 01:20:02,080
The whole system has to change with it.

1335
01:20:02,080 --> 01:20:05,040
You know that circular
product will only go so far

1336
01:20:05,040 --> 01:20:08,618
if you've still got a linear
economic system supporting it.

1337
01:20:08,618 --> 01:20:11,870
- We can now use 30
years of climate change

1338
01:20:11,870 --> 01:20:13,540
as a true innovation engine.

1339
01:20:13,540 --> 01:20:17,510
We can reinvent all our materials
to be good from biological

1340
01:20:17,510 --> 01:20:21,780
or technical systems and we
need the support of the people,

1341
01:20:21,780 --> 01:20:25,310
because if they just sit back
and relax we will be too slow.

1342
01:20:25,310 --> 01:20:27,010
And I say, let's say celebrate life,

1343
01:20:27,010 --> 01:20:30,010
let's welcome people to this
planet, then we could even

1344
01:20:30,010 --> 01:20:32,660
be 20 billion people on
this planet and be good

1345
01:20:32,660 --> 01:20:35,110
for the other species as
well, so it's up to us.

1346
01:20:35,110 --> 01:20:38,193
We now have the expertise
together, it's now time to act.

1347
01:20:43,990 --> 01:20:45,960
- Right off the bat
it's increased revenues,

1348
01:20:45,960 --> 01:20:48,950
it's reduced cost, it's reduced risk,

1349
01:20:48,950 --> 01:20:51,473
increased tangible values, in
other words it could be brand

1350
01:20:51,473 --> 01:20:56,090
recognition, and there's also
the positive impact on society

1351
01:20:56,090 --> 01:20:59,261
and the environment, so I think this is

1352
01:20:59,261 --> 01:21:02,400
a clearer solution for
a triple bottom line.

1353
01:21:02,400 --> 01:21:05,110
- If you think about
starting a business today,

1354
01:21:05,110 --> 01:21:10,110
designing a business around a
circular economy philosophy,

1355
01:21:10,390 --> 01:21:11,630
ultimately it's going to give you

1356
01:21:11,630 --> 01:21:13,350
better returns in the long run.

1357
01:21:13,350 --> 01:21:14,580
Because it's going to be,

1358
01:21:14,580 --> 01:21:17,290
it's going to use
resources more efficiently,

1359
01:21:17,290 --> 01:21:19,480
it's going to use more efficient energy,

1360
01:21:19,480 --> 01:21:21,780
it's going to treat
customers I believe in a way

1361
01:21:21,780 --> 01:21:23,300
that over the next five or 10 years

1362
01:21:23,300 --> 01:21:25,390
customers will want to be treated.

1363
01:21:25,390 --> 01:21:29,950
So I think commercially it's
a savvy way to progress.

1364
01:21:29,950 --> 01:21:31,587
Why would you throw something away

1365
01:21:31,587 --> 01:21:34,541
that's valuable, why would you do that?

1366
01:21:34,541 --> 01:21:37,120
And I hope, I think it's West

1367
01:21:37,120 --> 01:21:39,070
who are perhaps lagging behind,

1368
01:21:39,070 --> 01:21:41,610
we are in such a throw away economy,

1369
01:21:41,610 --> 01:21:43,130
where in the places where there

1370
01:21:43,130 --> 01:21:47,470
is less stuff then I think we're seeing

1371
01:21:47,470 --> 01:21:49,020
that they are using it more efficiently.

1372
01:21:49,020 --> 01:21:52,850
- We've embarked on a journey
towards sustainability

1373
01:21:52,850 --> 01:21:56,310
a number of years ago in
many of our other companies.

1374
01:21:56,310 --> 01:22:00,100
And we've realized that
sustainability and the environment

1375
01:22:00,100 --> 01:22:02,870
provides us with
opportunities and we don't see

1376
01:22:02,870 --> 01:22:06,283
environmental legislation
or environmental mandates

1377
01:22:06,283 --> 01:22:08,960
as a threat, we see it as an opportunity

1378
01:22:08,960 --> 01:22:11,720
from a cost perspective,
from a brand perspective,

1379
01:22:11,720 --> 01:22:13,540
from developing products that utilize

1380
01:22:13,540 --> 01:22:16,040
a high content of recycled materials.

1381
01:22:16,040 --> 01:22:19,670
So essentially it's created a
platform for us to innovate.

1382
01:22:19,670 --> 01:22:23,690
- There are a lot of customers
that value sustainability

1383
01:22:23,690 --> 01:22:27,210
and doing good for the
environment and they choose

1384
01:22:27,210 --> 01:22:30,671
for Interface on behalf of that.

1385
01:22:30,671 --> 01:22:34,730
But still a lot of customers,
for a lot of customers

1386
01:22:34,730 --> 01:22:37,290
sustainability is only a
secondary consideration.

1387
01:22:37,290 --> 01:22:40,840
They primarily choose us
for the prime function

1388
01:22:40,840 --> 01:22:43,390
that they expect from our product.

1389
01:22:43,390 --> 01:22:48,390
Its design, its low cost of
ownership, its functionality.

1390
01:22:49,390 --> 01:22:53,880
And what is fantastic that is
a lot of these design features

1391
01:22:55,300 --> 01:22:58,210
and lots of these functionality features

1392
01:22:59,156 --> 01:23:04,156
have their origin in a
sustainable development.

1393
01:23:04,530 --> 01:23:06,750
In that sense I'm pretty optimistic

1394
01:23:06,750 --> 01:23:09,700
because you see that
more and more companies

1395
01:23:09,700 --> 01:23:13,400
are getting that and are realizing that.

1396
01:23:13,400 --> 01:23:16,630
I think it's also pretty
clear that companies with

1397
01:23:16,630 --> 01:23:20,070
a strong sustainability vision are often

1398
01:23:20,070 --> 01:23:22,600
the more successful companies.

1399
01:23:22,600 --> 01:23:26,040
So that is an inspiration in itself.

1400
01:23:26,040 --> 01:23:28,530
And look at Interface
we are with the distance

1401
01:23:28,530 --> 01:23:33,360
the market leader in our
industry, we are performing also

1402
01:23:33,360 --> 01:23:37,210
financially very, very well and we are

1403
01:23:37,210 --> 01:23:41,890
an inspiration source for
the industry in general

1404
01:23:41,890 --> 01:23:43,450
and certainly for the carpet industry.

1405
01:23:43,450 --> 01:23:45,880
- If you're using material
which was otherwise waste

1406
01:23:45,880 --> 01:23:48,990
material, if you're getting
very significant reductions

1407
01:23:48,990 --> 01:23:53,990
in pollution and waste and
you're using waste material

1408
01:23:54,380 --> 01:23:55,810
as your fundamental building blocks

1409
01:23:55,810 --> 01:23:57,490
then you ought to be able to reduce costs

1410
01:23:57,490 --> 01:24:00,950
and also improve output
from the same resource base.

1411
01:24:00,950 --> 01:24:02,170
- Last year we gave a check back

1412
01:24:02,170 --> 01:24:05,890
to our CFO, 180 million pounds saved.

1413
01:24:05,890 --> 01:24:08,920
Less energy, less waste, less
packaging, less carry bags,

1414
01:24:08,920 --> 01:24:10,570
it all saved money for the business.

1415
01:24:10,570 --> 01:24:12,210
Fantastic, she can open new stores

1416
01:24:12,210 --> 01:24:13,836
to help us grow into the future.

1417
01:24:13,836 --> 01:24:14,780
It also brought us more than that.

1418
01:24:14,780 --> 01:24:17,740
We're one of the most
trusted brands in the UK,

1419
01:24:17,740 --> 01:24:19,650
we've got high levels
of trust and confidence

1420
01:24:19,650 --> 01:24:22,290
for our employee base, which
drives them to go the extra

1421
01:24:22,290 --> 01:24:25,240
mile through a lot of change
in the retail marketplace.

1422
01:24:25,240 --> 01:24:27,190
It's creating more resilience
in our supply chains as

1423
01:24:27,190 --> 01:24:30,140
they are increasingly
affected by social challenge

1424
01:24:30,140 --> 01:24:31,900
and extreme weather events as well.

1425
01:24:31,900 --> 01:24:34,180
So Marks & Spencer is a
fundamentally better business

1426
01:24:34,180 --> 01:24:36,230
today for doing Plan A over last decade.

1427
01:24:36,230 --> 01:24:38,650
But it is not enough and we need

1428
01:24:38,650 --> 01:24:40,800
to redouble our efforts into the future.

1429
01:24:40,800 --> 01:24:43,210
And equally the business case
will be many times larger

1430
01:24:43,210 --> 01:24:45,290
in the future if we land this model

1431
01:24:45,290 --> 01:24:47,420
properly for our customers.

1432
01:24:47,420 --> 01:24:51,370
- Renault is able to produce
from 30 to 50% cheaper

1433
01:24:51,370 --> 01:24:53,920
for the customer, because
they've been able to optimize

1434
01:24:53,920 --> 01:24:58,920
this process and about 80%
of their costs of production,

1435
01:24:59,190 --> 01:25:01,580
so energy, water and so on so forth,

1436
01:25:01,580 --> 01:25:03,310
has been reduced drastically as well.

1437
01:25:03,310 --> 01:25:05,640
So if we take Renault as a case study,

1438
01:25:05,640 --> 01:25:07,370
it definitely shows that circular economy

1439
01:25:07,370 --> 01:25:10,240
not only is good for us,
but is also financially

1440
01:25:10,240 --> 01:25:14,400
very strong to generate
competitive advantage, in this case

1441
01:25:14,400 --> 01:25:18,090
because of cost reduction
and the attractivity

1442
01:25:18,090 --> 01:25:21,480
of the same process for the
same products in the market.

1443
01:25:21,480 --> 01:25:23,460
- Certainly if you talk to the likes

1444
01:25:23,460 --> 01:25:25,080
of the World Economic Forum,

1445
01:25:25,080 --> 01:25:27,310
if you talk to the Ellen
MacArthur Foundation,

1446
01:25:27,310 --> 01:25:32,310
if you talk to McKinsey, they
will say yes, without a doubt.

1447
01:25:33,350 --> 01:25:36,400
They've done a lot of
detailed modeling work

1448
01:25:36,400 --> 01:25:39,870
that suggests massive opportunities

1449
01:25:39,870 --> 01:25:43,220
for the companies who work
towards a circular economy.

1450
01:25:43,220 --> 01:25:46,110
And recently I think a
report came out by Accenture

1451
01:25:46,110 --> 01:25:49,540
who are a consultancy very
much engaged in this agenda,

1452
01:25:49,540 --> 01:25:52,950
and they said for companies
that basically move towards

1453
01:25:52,950 --> 01:25:55,560
circular business models by 2030

1454
01:25:55,560 --> 01:25:59,670
there's a 4.5 trillion US dollar reward

1455
01:25:59,670 --> 01:26:00,790
just waiting for them.

1456
01:26:00,790 --> 01:26:02,940
For the manufacturer it's great

1457
01:26:02,940 --> 01:26:05,450
because it helps them I think

1458
01:26:05,450 --> 01:26:07,370
in terms of their supply chains,

1459
01:26:07,370 --> 01:26:10,980
in terms of safeguarding
raw materials going forward.

1460
01:26:10,980 --> 01:26:14,040
So companies now are being
faced with kind of price

1461
01:26:14,040 --> 01:26:17,080
volatility in their
supply chains with regards

1462
01:26:17,080 --> 01:26:19,390
to how they source certain materials

1463
01:26:19,390 --> 01:26:22,840
needed for their products and services.

1464
01:26:22,840 --> 01:26:25,390
And if they can actually take
back these materials again

1465
01:26:25,390 --> 01:26:28,810
and again and reuse them again
and again in their own supply

1466
01:26:28,810 --> 01:26:32,660
chains, it just creates, it
future-proofs if you like,

1467
01:26:32,660 --> 01:26:34,300
their business model going forward,

1468
01:26:34,300 --> 01:26:36,320
it gives them security of supply.

1469
01:26:36,320 --> 01:26:39,320
- Adopting a new model, an economic model,

1470
01:26:39,320 --> 01:26:44,260
requires probably new
innovation approaches to things,

1471
01:26:44,260 --> 01:26:46,810
it could be a product innovation,

1472
01:26:46,810 --> 01:26:48,730
it could be a process innovation.

1473
01:26:48,730 --> 01:26:53,730
So in essence a great positive
impact of a model like

1474
01:26:54,230 --> 01:26:56,723
the circular economy would be innovation.

1475
01:26:57,820 --> 01:27:01,110
It is, then we have, and
this could be disruptive,

1476
01:27:01,110 --> 01:27:02,970
it could be disruptive innovation,

1477
01:27:02,970 --> 01:27:04,530
in a positive way of course.

1478
01:27:04,530 --> 01:27:08,510
- We can never underestimate
the power of the social

1479
01:27:08,510 --> 01:27:12,020
impact that you're achieving
through the circular economy.

1480
01:27:12,020 --> 01:27:14,500
I think the world is facing
a number of challenges.

1481
01:27:14,500 --> 01:27:17,240
I mean we have a challenge
of environmental impacts

1482
01:27:17,240 --> 01:27:18,280
but we also have a challenge

1483
01:27:18,280 --> 01:27:20,360
of the divide between rich and poor.

1484
01:27:20,360 --> 01:27:23,300
And through the circular
economy you're able

1485
01:27:23,300 --> 01:27:25,070
to address this problem
because there's a place

1486
01:27:25,070 --> 01:27:26,920
for everybody in circular economy.

1487
01:27:26,920 --> 01:27:31,350
- So as I travel and I
see many beautiful parts

1488
01:27:31,350 --> 01:27:34,940
of the world, beautiful
people, beautiful places,

1489
01:27:34,940 --> 01:27:39,940
nature and amazing bounty,
whether it's you know

1490
01:27:40,000 --> 01:27:43,900
the jungles of Ecuador, Costa Rica,

1491
01:27:43,900 --> 01:27:47,340
or the beaches of Sri
Lanka, you know a lot

1492
01:27:47,340 --> 01:27:50,633
of those are in danger,
they're under threat.

1493
01:27:51,480 --> 01:27:55,670
It could very well be that
one or two generations

1494
01:27:55,670 --> 01:27:58,150
from now they don't get to see those.

1495
01:27:58,150 --> 01:28:00,370
And that makes me quite sad.

1496
01:28:00,370 --> 01:28:03,710
We're better than this,
we're smarter than this.

1497
01:28:03,710 --> 01:28:06,080
You know, we've created the problem,

1498
01:28:06,080 --> 01:28:07,800
we can solve the problem.

1499
01:28:07,800 --> 01:28:10,030
We just have to be more conscious

1500
01:28:10,030 --> 01:28:12,900
about how we live, about our impacts.

1501
01:28:12,900 --> 01:28:14,810
And I think we are getting smarter.

1502
01:28:14,810 --> 01:28:17,870
It's one of the things
that with our connected

1503
01:28:17,870 --> 01:28:19,910
world today, with our high-tech world,

1504
01:28:19,910 --> 01:28:22,770
we're getting much, much better at.

1505
01:28:22,770 --> 01:28:26,050
What's emerging is a
collective consciousness,

1506
01:28:26,050 --> 01:28:30,780
the idea of a living
planet is coming alive.

1507
01:28:30,780 --> 01:28:33,680
You know it's really a
choice about whether we want

1508
01:28:33,680 --> 01:28:37,020
to coexist with the planet,

1509
01:28:37,020 --> 01:28:39,480
or whether we want to live
in harmony with the planet,

1510
01:28:39,480 --> 01:28:44,480
or whether we're somehow like
a parasite on the planet.

1511
01:28:44,680 --> 01:28:46,950
And we know what happens to parasites,

1512
01:28:46,950 --> 01:28:49,493
their host dies and they die too.

1513
01:28:50,350 --> 01:28:55,170
The only way that this
works is if sustainability,

1514
01:28:55,170 --> 01:28:57,590
circular thinking, closing the loop,

1515
01:28:57,590 --> 01:28:59,440
is applicable to everyone.

1516
01:28:59,440 --> 01:29:01,810
This is not some luxury for the rich

1517
01:29:01,810 --> 01:29:03,900
and wealthy and privileged.

1518
01:29:03,900 --> 01:29:07,810
It has to be a solution for
people who are on lower incomes,

1519
01:29:07,810 --> 01:29:10,710
perhaps people in developing countries.

1520
01:29:10,710 --> 01:29:14,360
This must be an option where
they can make choices about how

1521
01:29:14,360 --> 01:29:17,030
they consume, how they produce,

1522
01:29:17,030 --> 01:29:20,093
that bring them a direct benefit.

1523
01:29:20,980 --> 01:29:23,370
And it's not impossible because a lot

1524
01:29:23,370 --> 01:29:25,970
of that circular thinking goes back to

1525
01:29:25,970 --> 01:29:28,450
a time when resources were scarce,

1526
01:29:28,450 --> 01:29:31,690
whether it be during the World
Wars or the Great Depression,

1527
01:29:31,690 --> 01:29:35,600
that's when we were forced
to think about frugality,

1528
01:29:35,600 --> 01:29:37,850
to say well, how do we reuse things,

1529
01:29:37,850 --> 01:29:40,030
how do we recycle things?

1530
01:29:40,030 --> 01:29:42,950
So no matter where you are in society,

1531
01:29:42,950 --> 01:29:46,230
no matter who you are, you
can make those choices.

1532
01:29:46,230 --> 01:29:50,160
You can educate your children
not to just throw things away,

1533
01:29:50,160 --> 01:29:53,720
not to just leave the lights
on, to think about whether you

1534
01:29:53,720 --> 01:29:57,210
really need something, to
think about where it goes

1535
01:29:57,210 --> 01:29:59,530
when you throw it away, these are all

1536
01:29:59,530 --> 01:30:01,460
things that we can all do.

1537
01:30:01,460 --> 01:30:05,070
It's not the privilege of the few,

1538
01:30:05,070 --> 01:30:08,060
but rather the responsibility of us all.

1539
01:30:08,060 --> 01:30:12,540
To see a world emerging all
around us in which landfills

1540
01:30:12,540 --> 01:30:17,540
grow taller than skyscrapers
and in which rivers run dry,

1541
01:30:18,010 --> 01:30:19,993
in which forests are burning,

1542
01:30:20,890 --> 01:30:23,673
you know these things make me sad.

1543
01:30:25,700 --> 01:30:29,530
And I don't want to be melodramatic,

1544
01:30:29,530 --> 01:30:33,040
but if you look at the numbers if you look

1545
01:30:33,040 --> 01:30:35,873
at the trends, it's not good news.

1546
01:30:37,880 --> 01:30:41,803
What I want us to focus
on is what's possible,

1547
01:30:43,000 --> 01:30:45,910
because I've seen that
change can happen really fast

1548
01:30:46,830 --> 01:30:50,750
and that that dystopian world,

1549
01:30:50,750 --> 01:30:55,090
that world of our nightmares,
is not inevitable.

1550
01:30:55,090 --> 01:30:57,840
We need to think about this
revolution that we're going

1551
01:30:57,840 --> 01:31:01,900
through as a way in which
we can make our mark

1552
01:31:01,900 --> 01:31:05,763
on this earth, a positive footprint.

1553
01:31:07,360 --> 01:31:09,623
It's up to us to be part of the solution,

1554
01:31:10,680 --> 01:31:14,630
and actually we're all
looking for meaning in life.

1555
01:31:14,630 --> 01:31:16,660
Well what could be more meaningful

1556
01:31:16,660 --> 01:31:21,033
than making life flourish
rather than destroying life.

1557
01:31:22,400 --> 01:31:24,203
We can buy into this mission,

1558
01:31:25,130 --> 01:31:26,490
we can make it our personal

1559
01:31:26,490 --> 01:31:29,343
mission to be part of the solution.

1560
01:31:30,260 --> 01:31:32,220
At the end of the day, what do you want

1561
01:31:32,220 --> 01:31:33,570
to tell your grandchildren?

1562
01:31:34,915 --> 01:31:36,230
Were you part of the problem

1563
01:31:36,230 --> 01:31:37,880
or were you part of the solution?

1564
01:31:39,100 --> 01:31:42,530
Do you want to be part of
the decline of civilization

1565
01:31:42,530 --> 01:31:45,250
or do you want to be on the side of hope,

1566
01:31:45,250 --> 01:31:50,250
of reinvention, of recreation,
of the kind of life

1567
01:31:51,400 --> 01:31:54,533
and the kind of Earth that we
were really meant to enjoy?

1568
01:31:55,870 --> 01:31:57,523
The choice, as always, is yours.

1569
01:32:00,435 --> 01:32:03,018
(upbeat music)